The present study investigated the photoprotective properties of the ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum muticum (SME) against ultraviolet B (UVB)‑induced skin damage and photoaging in a mouse model. HR‑1 strain hairless male mice were divided into three groups: An untreated control group, a UVB‑irradiated vehicle group and a UVB‑irradiated SME group. The UVB‑irradiated mice in the SME group we...

Secure multi-execution (SME) is a dynamic technique to ensure secure information ow. In a nutshell, SME enforces security by running one execution of the program per security level, and by reinterpreting input/output operations w.r.t. their associated security level. SME is sound, in the sense that the execution of a program under SME is non-interfering, and precise, in the sense that for progr...

The work presented in this paper is related to the area of Situational Method Engineering (SME), which focuses on project-specific method construction. We propose a generic process model supporting the integration of different existing SME approaches. This model shall help the method engineer either selecting one SME approach or combining several approaches that best fit the situation of the me...

This paper presents an approach to the identification of requirements for the implementation of e-business solutions in small and medium sized enterprises (SME). The approach is based on the so-called reference models whose main purpose is to guide the process of deriving the detailed requirements for business processes and information systems support, regarding e-business activities. Firstly, ...

Growth is a problematic issue for SME. It consumes resources and, since resources are structurally limited in SME, development strategies often generate real dilemmas (Martinet, 1981). Leverage strategies are frequently applied in an attempt to get around the problem. Nevertheless, such approaches to growth upset the proxemic management processes characteristic of SME (Torres, 2000), notably in...

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of standardized extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza (SME) on gene and protein expression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related factors in activated human hepatic stellate cells (HSC), and in mice with steatohepatitis induced by a methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet. Male C57BL/6J mice were placed on an MCD or control diet for 8 weeks and ...

The sensitive dependence on initial conditions (SDIC) associated with nonlinear models imposes limitations on the models’ predictive power. We draw attention to an additional limitation than has been under-appreciated, namely structural model error (SME). A model has SME if the model-dynamics differ from the dynamics in the target system. If a nonlinear model has only the slightest SME, then it...

Please (2012), Summary. — Microcredit and small and medium enterprise (SME) finance are often pitched as alternative strategies to create employment opportunities in low-income communities. So far, though, little is known about how employment patterns compare. We integrate evidence from three surveys to show that, compared to Bangladeshi microcredit customers, typical SME employees in Banglades...

We propose a rigorous comparison of two widely known dynamic information flow mechanisms: Secure Multi-Execution (SME) and Multiple Facets (MF). Informally, it is believed that MF simulates SME while providing better performance. Formally, it is well known that SME has stronger soundness guarantees than MF. Surprisingly, we discover that even if we approach them to enforce the same soundness gu...

The application of silicalite for improvement of enzyme adsorption on new stainless steel electrodes is reported. Glucose oxidase (GOx) was immobilized by two methods: cross-linking by glutaraldehyde (GOx-GA) and cross-linking by glutaraldehyde along with GOx adsorption on silicalite-modified electrode (SME) (GOx-SME-GA). The GOx-SME-GA biosensors were characterized by a four- to fivefold highe...