INTRODUCTION Preemption is a legislative or judicial arrangement in which a higher level of government precludes lower levels of government from exercising authority over a topic. In the area of smoke-free policy, preemption typically takes the form of a state law that prevents communities from adopting local smoking restrictions. BACKGROUND A broad consensus exists among tobacco control prac...

BACKGROUND Secondhand smoke exposure increases an infant's risk of morbidity and mortality. We provide state-specific estimates for and characterize postpartum women with complete smoke-free home rules. METHODS Data were analyzed from 26 states and New York City (n=37,698) from the 2010 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, a population-based survey of women who recently delivered live...

OBJECTIVE To examine patterns of ever smoking among Finnish adults by gender and birth cohort from 1978 to 2001, with special emphasis on the possible effects of the 1976 Tobacco Control Act (TCA). METHODS The data were derived from independent, annual cross sectional postal surveys among 15-64 year olds (n = 91,342), average response rate 75%. For the analyses 13 five year birth cohorts from...

OBJECTIVE To describe the voluntary adoption of smoke-free homes in Spain among general population and to identify variables associated with its voluntary adoption. METHODS Cross-sectional study of a representative sample (n=731) of the adult population (>26 years) of Barcelona, Spain, in 2013-2014. We defined smoking rules inside the households as complete indoor rules (when smoking was not ...

Despite mounting global eff orts to control tobacco use, tobacco smoking remains a common addiction with over 1 billion smokers in the world—about 40% of men and 10% of women. As a result, exposure to secondhand smoke, a known cause of morbidity and premature mortality, is widespread, occurring wherever people spend time in the presence of smokers. In The Lancet, Mattias Öberg and colleagues pr...

INTRODUCTION Rates of secondhand smoke exposure are currently significantly higher among remote indigenous communities in the top end of Australia. By implementing a 'smoke-free home' rule, secondhand smoke exposure can be reduced. Smoke-free homes encourage quit attempts and improve the health of children. The prevalence of indigenous smoking rates in remote, discrete communities in Australia ...

Introduction: This report presents the findings from two cross-sectional studies designed to assess upper respiratory health symptoms and attitudes regarding secondhand smoke exposure among bartenders in Madison and Appleton, Wisconsin. The first study was conducted just prior to the implementation of smoke-free workplace ordinances, which occurred on July 1, 2005. The second study was conducte...

introduction: as far as application of chemicals as disinfectants may have side effects on human health and causes drug resistance, the topic of herbal and natural products has been investigated in recent researches. nevertheless, application of medicinal smokes in the treatment of many diseases, including bacterial and infectious diseases has long been popular in iran. smoke from the burning o...

Secondhand smoke (SHS) contains toxicants and carcinogens that are known to cause premature death and disease. Objectively measuring SHS exposure can support and evaluate smoke-free legislation. In Latin America, the most commonly used methods to measure SHS exposure are airborne nicotine and respirable suspended particles (PM₂.₅). Here we present results from studies conducted in public places...

The General Law for Tobacco Control, signed in February 2008, aims to protect the Mexican population against the negative effects associated with tobacco consumption and to guarantee the non-smoker's rights to live and relate in 100% smoke-free environments. The Law supports the development of smoke-free areas, but it also allows for indoor smoking areas. The present essay examines the Law and ...