PURPOSE A national census survey of optometrists in Canada measured knowledge of ocular diseases associated with smoking cigarettes and current practice behaviors related to addressing tobacco use with patients, including prevention and cessation. Optometrists were also asked to identify tools to assist addressing tobacco use with patients. METHODS An online bilingual (English/French) survey ...

PURPOSE This prospective study examined how environmental smoking affects the perception of lifetime smoking prevalence and thereby the likelihood of subsequent regular smoking. METHODS A longitudinal design (N = 6769) with three waves was used to test our research questions. Exposure to smoking by peers, best friends, and parents were assessed at T1. Perception of lifetime smoking prevalence...

OBJECTIVE Review and examine existing research, current strategies, and directions for future research on smoking cessation relapse and relapse prevention in pregnancy and postpartum. METHODS A MEDLINE/PubMed search in 2002 and 2003 for articles containing the key words "smoking," "pregnancy," "cessation," and "cessation relapse prevention" and references of retrieved papers yielded a review ...

BACKGROUND School-based smoking prevention programs have been shown to increase knowledge of the negative effects of smoking and prevent tobacco smoking. The majority of evidence on effectiveness comes from Western countries. This study investigated the impact of school-based smoking prevention programs on adolescents' smoking knowledge, attitude, intentions and behaviors (KAIB) in Aceh, Indone...

CONTEXT Recent marked increases in adolescent smoking indicate a need for new prevention approaches. Whether workplace and home smoking restrictions play a role in such prevention is unknown. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between workplace and home smoking restrictions and adolescent smoking. DESIGN, SETTING, AND SUBJECTS Data were analyzed from 2 large national population-based surve...

OBJECTIVE To summarise the evidence on adolescent and young adult prevention and cessation, and provide future directions for research. DATA SOURCES Data were collected from published literature. Searches for adolescent prevention were conducted using PubMed, PsycInfo, and ERIC; and for cessation, PubMed, and two major reviews that span January 1978 to May 2002. PubMed, PsychInfo, and SCCI we...

BACKGROUND Although the optimization of behavioral interventions offers the potential of both public health and research benefits, currently there is no widely agreed-upon principled procedure for accomplishing this. PURPOSE This article suggests a multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) for achieving the dual goals of program optimization and program evaluation in the behavioral intervention...

BACKGROUND Individuals with a family history of lung cancer have a two- to threefold increased risk for developing this disease. Family history information may be useful in lung cancer prevention and control approaches, but research is needed regarding how individuals interpret this information. This study examined associations between lung cancer family history and individuals' risk perception...

INTRODUCTION One principal aim of tobacco control programs is the prevention of smoking initiation. Adolescent smoking prevalence peaked during the 1940s for males and during the early1970s for females. Since the 1940s, there has been a substantial decline in smoking prevalence among adolescent males. However, during the 1980s, the decline in prevalence stopped and began to level. The decline f...

OBJECTIVES This report describes the history, true goals, and effects of tobacco industry-sponsored youth smoking prevention programs. METHODS We analyzed previously-secret tobacco industry documents. RESULTS The industry started these programs in the 1980s to forestall legislation that would restrict industry activities. Industry programs portray smoking as an adult choice and fail to disc...