How we make decisions that have direct consequences for ourselves and others forms the moral foundation of our society. Whereas economic theory contends that humans aim at maximizing their own gains, recent seminal psychological work suggests that our behavior is instead hyperaltruistic: We are more willing to sacrifice gains to spare others from harm than to spare ourselves from harm. To inves...

Information and communication technology applications can help increase the independence and quality of life of older people, or people with disabilities who live in their own homes. A risk management framework is proposed to assist in selecting applications that match the needs and wishes of particular individuals. Risk comprises two components: the likelihood of the occurrence of harm and the...

Previous research into enforcement of law and corporate social responsibility mostly assumes that the vertical structure of the entities causing harm is exogenous. By outsourcing, the source of harm may avoid some liability and responsibility, while losing direct control over the evasive actions that cause harm. Here, we analyze the trade off between avoidance of liability and control over evas...

We examined the psychosocial influences on female prisoner suicide by carrying out a study of near-lethal self-harm. We interviewed 60 women prisoners who had recently engaged in near-lethal self-harm (cases) and 60 others who had never carried out near-lethal acts in prison (controls) from all closed female prison establishments in England and Wales, using mixed quantitative and qualitative me...

BACKGROUND Suicide is the third-leading cause of death among adolescents and nonsuicidal self-harm occurs in 13%-45% of individuals within this age group, making these phenomena major public health concerns. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth particularly are at risk for engaging in these behaviors. Nevertheless, relatively little is known about the specific risk factors assoc...

A recent survey has revealed a large number of young children in institutional care across Europe. Young children placed in institutional care without parents may be at risk of harm. This review considers systematically the research evidence on the impact of institutional care on brain growth, attachment, social behavior, and cognitive development. Analytical epidemiological study designs (i.e....

Based on the dual-process theory of ethical judgment, a research model is proposed for examining consumers’ moral reactions to a product-harm crisis. A national-wide survey was conducted with 801 respondents in China. The results of this study indicate that consumers will react to a product-harm crisis through controlled cognitive processing and emotional intuition. The results of the study als...

epidemic self-harm in Britain by the mid-1960s, by focusing psychiatric attention upon the physically injured attempted-suicide patient at general hospitals. Chapters 4 shifts the focus back to the profession of psychiatric social work (the role of the psychiatric social worker features in Chapter 2) and describes how the profession is key to the conceptualisation of communicative self-harm. Se...

Language and Social Sciences includes new and inedited contributions from Searle and Crea about topics such as speech acts and postmodernism. Their analyses of the relation between language and social sciences clarify their respective critiques to Habermas’ conception of speech acts and contribute specific insights that help to distinguish a free communicative act from one that includes psychol...