BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES India is a large country with each State having distinct social, cultural and economic characteristics. Tobacco epidemic is not uniform across the country. There are wide variations in tobacco consumption across age, sex, regions and socio-economic classes. This study was conducted to understand the wide inequalities in patterns of smoking and smokeless tobacco consumpti...

Welfare-oriented analyses of economic outcome measures such as income and wealth in general rest on the assumption of pooling and equal sharing of resources by all members of a given household. Examining the distribution of income and wealth within the household context is almost always hampered by the lack of individual level data. Based on unique individual level wealth data from the German S...

Previous research has shown that the UK low levels of financial literacy by international standards, particularly among those in lower socio-economic groups. This may have an impact upon young people, with social inequalities attitudes, behaviours and skills perpetuating across generations. Using parent-child linked survey data from 3,745 families, we find sizeable people’s capabilities, aspect...

In the course of demographic transitions (DTs), two large-scale trends become apparent: (i) the broadly positive association between wealth, status and fertility tends to reverse, and (ii) wealth inequalities increase and then temporarily decrease. We argue that these two broad patterns are linked, through a diversification of reproductive strategies that subsequently converge as populations co...

OBJECTIVES Breastfeeding is associated with improved health. Surveillance data show that breastfeeding initiation rates have increased; however, limited work has examined trends in socio-economic inequalities in initiation. The study's research question was whether socio-economic inequalities in breastfeeding initiation have changed over the past 20 years. METHODS This population-based study ...

Dear Editor Studies about association between socio-economic status (SES) and health outcomes have been increasingly undertaken in Iran in the last decade.1–3 The connection between SES and health outcomes should be systematically analyzed to yield better interventions.4 In the following decades, reduction of socioeconomic inequalities can be an achievable goal but we should provide the necessa...