The consumption of sodium in excessive amount may lead to heart disease, which is the first leading cause of death in the United States. Process cheese is one of the high salt containing milk products. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of potassium chloride (KCl) and potassium based emulsifying salts as a salt (NaCl) replacer on the chemical and microbiological...

Phenobarbital produces its anti-epileptic actions by increasing the inhibitory drive of γ-aminobutyric acid. However, following recurrent seizures, γ-aminobutyric acid excites neurons because of a persistent increase of chloride raising the important issue of whether phenobarbital could aggravate persistent seizures. Here we compared the actions of phenobarbital on initial and established ictal...

The effects of exposure to SOOmosmoll" sodium chloride on the transepithelial movement of sodium, chloride and 'acidic equivalents' was examined in the stenohaline freshwater teleost Catostomus commersoni (Lacfipede), the white sucker. The transepithelial potential (TEP) was negative in control fish acclimated to soft freshwater ([Ca] <0-lmmoll~) but positive in control fish acclimated to hardw...

The present study was carried out to examine the capability of saturated sodium chloride solution as a fixative agent instead of formalin which is regarded as a carcinogenic material. For this purpose 3 rabbits were used and their livers, kidneys and spleens were exposed and removed. Neutral buffered formalin solution, saturated sodium chloride solution and distilled water were used as fixative...

This paper reports an evaluation of the IL-Phoenix Chemistry/Electrolyte Analyser; the evaluation was carried out in accordance with internationally recognized guidelines. The evaluation was performed in three steps: evaluation in routine conditions; assessment of interferences; and study of practicability. Seven constituents were studied under routine working conditions. Within-run imprecision...

(1) We have measured the incompatible phase separation that occurs in a polyethylene glycol-sodium dextran sulphate-sodium chloride-water system and have determined a critical point. (2) We have measured the activity coefficients of sodium chloride in critical-point concentrations of polyethylene glycol and sodium dextran sulphate respectively, and the osmotic coefficient of sodium dextran sulp...

With a mean precipitation rate, much lower than that of the world, Iran is among the countries that face severe water challenges. The present study has dealt with the evaluation of hydrochemistry of Faryab spring water in Hormozgan Province, Iran. Four different composite water samples have been analyzed to detect major anions, cations, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, pH, and s...

In some earlier papers (I , 2, 3) on the production of peritoneal transudates in rabbits by the intravenous infusion of large quantities of sodium chloride solution or of mixtures of a sodium chloride and calcium chloride solution, or of these solutions with the addition of adrenalin, we found that both calcium chloride and adrenalin increased the amount of peritoneal transudate. We pointed out...

During the initial period following immersion of parenchymatous cells of liver, kidney, or pancreas in various fluids immediately after their removal from the body water exchange is like that which occurs when water passes by osmosis through a semipermeable membrane; intake of water is proportional to the square root of the elapsed time and when liver tissue is immersed in solutions of sodium c...

To determine whether or not salt loading restricted to the brain would elevate blood pressure, chronically implanted osmotic minipumps were used to infuse hypertonic sodium chloride solutions made in artificial cerebrospinal fluid into a jugular vein intravenously or the third cerebral ventricle, intracerebroventricularly, for 11 days in awake rats. During intracerebroventricular infusion of hy...