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Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) uses a small volume of sorbent dispersed typically on the surface of small fibres, to isolate and concentrate analytes from sample matrix. After contact with sample, analytes are absorbed or adsorbed by the fibre phase (depending on the nature of the coating) until an equilibrium is reached in the system. The amount of an analyte extracted by the coating at eq...

The analysis of solid waste or incinerated residue for information regarding the chemical constituents involved the development and adoption of analytical methods. Methods were developed for the determination of nitro­ gen, carbon, hydrogen, protein, chemically decomposable organic and calorific values. The chemical composition of two types of residue and unburned solid waste was de­ termined u...

The dimer method is a minimum mode following algorithm for finding saddle points on a potential energy surface of atomic systems. Here, the dimer method is extended to include the cell degrees of freedom for periodic solid-state systems. Using this method, reaction pathways of solid-solid phase transitions can be determined without having to specify the final state structure or reaction mechani...

The proteins, as the Greek root of their name implies, are of first rank in living systems, and their smaller relatives, the peptides, have now also been discovered to have important roles in biology. Among their members are many of the hormones, releasing factors, growth factors, ion carriers, antibiotics, toxins, and neuropeptides. My purpose today is to describe the chemical synthesis of pep...