Branching quantifiers were first introduced by L. Henkin in his 1959 paper 'Some Remarks on Infinitely Long Formulas'. By 'branching quantifiers' Henkin meant a new, non-linearly structured quantifier-prefix whose discovery was triggered by the problem of interpreting infinitistic formulas of a certain form. 1 The branching (or partially-ordered) quantifier-prefix is, however, not essentially i...

Correspondence to Dr Marloes van Onna; [email protected] ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the practice performance of general practitioners (GPs) and GP residents in recognising and referring patients suspected for having axial or peripheral spondyloarthritis (SpA), and to investigate the influence of education on this performance. Methods: GP (residents) were visited in two rounds by standard...

Considering the relation between synovial inflammation and global disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the distinct but heterogeneous histology of spondyloarthropathy (SpA) synovitis, the present study analyzed whether histopathological features of synovium reflect specific phenotypes and/or global disease activity in SpA. Synovial biopsies obtained from 99 SpA and 86 RA patients w...

OBJECTIVE To understand the association between self-perceptions of aging (SPA) and mortality in late life. Method. The sample (n = 1,507) was drawn from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Aging (baseline age = 65-103 years). We used joint growth curve and survival models on 5 waves of data for a period of 16 years to investigate the random intercept and slope of SPA for predicting all-cause ...

Die Spondyloarthritiden (SpA) sind durch Manifestationen am Achsenskelett („Spondyl“-itis), den peripheren Gelenken („Arthritis“) und den Sehnenansätzen (Enthesen) sowie die Assoziation mit dem HLA-B27-Antigen charakterisiert [1]. Subtypen der SpA kommen mit folgenden Prävalenzraten in Deutschland vor [1]: ▶ axiale SpA/ankylosierende Spondylitis (AS; Morbus Bechterew) als Prototyp der SpA: 0,3–...

Streptococcal protective antigen (Spa) is a newly described surface protein of group A streptococci that was recently shown to evoke protective antibodies (J. B. Dale, E. Y. Chiang, S. Liu, H. S. Courtney, and D. L. Hasty, J. Clin. Investig. 103:1261--1268, 1999). In this study, we have determined the complete sequence of the spa gene from type 18 streptococci. Purified, recombinant Spa protein...

The spa gene occurs in all strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), can function as a genetic marker and might be used distinguish strains at the species level. Hence, due to these advantages, we used spa typing and the Based Upon Repeat Pattern (BURP) to assign the clonal and phylogenetic relationships of S. aureus strains. The sensitivity of S. aureus strains to methicillin was determine...

Spontaneous physical activity (SPA) describes activity outside of formal exercise and shows large interindividual variability. The hypothalamic orexin/hypocretin peptides are key regulators of SPA. Orexins drive SPA within multiple brain sites, including rostral lateral hypothalamus (LH) and nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh). Rats with high basal SPA (high activity, HA) show higher orexin mRNA ex...

AIMS An association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and spondyloarthropathies (SpA) has repeatedly been reported. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether serologic markers of IBD, e.g. antibodies against Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA), antibodies against exocrine pancreas (PAB) and perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) are present in HLA-B27-associa...