According to Teacher Education Curriculum Development Document (TECDD) of Farhangiyan University, teacher professional competencies include Content Knowledge (CK), Pedagogical Knowledge (PK), Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) and General Knowledge (GK). Of these competencies, CK and PCK are specific to teachers of each major while PK and GK are common among all majors. This study was an attem...

BACKGROUND Zheng represents pattern differentiation in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), as the basic unit and a key concept in TCM therapeutic theory, is based on the physiology and pathology of TCM. None of the outcome measurements of atopic dermatitis (AD) are Zheng-specific. The effectiveness of TCM is likely to be underestimated without a Zheng-related symptom-specific instrument. The ai...

INTRODUCTION Surgical retained items (RSIs) are associated with increase in perioperative morbidity and mortality. We used a large national database to investigate the incidence, trends and possible predictors for RSIs after major abdominal and pelvic procedures. METHODS The nationwide inpatient sample data were queried to identify patients who underwent major abdominal and pelvic procedures ...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Anterior and central skull base lesions and their surgical treatment (endoscopic or open approaches) can affect quality of life. A disease-specific instrument is needed to compare quality of life for different surgical approaches. STUDY DESIGN Items were generated using a composite strategy consisting of chart review, systematic review of skull base instruments, expert i...