Lack of maintenance can lead to ‘weedy’ spontaneous vegetation on green roofs. Aspects roof design, including substrate depth and height, have been shown influence the composition vegetation. In drier climates, Sedum species are often planted shallow ‘extensive’ roofs irrigated during summer maintain cover. However, response cover water availability is unclear. Understanding this relationship c...

In subtropical wetland ecosystems, climate change can alter both the composition of nitrogen (N) deposition and levels soil water, affecting nutrient acquisition. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) regulate effects water availability NH 4 + : NO 3 − ratio on plant N However, exactly how acquisition is affected by content AMF symbiosis remains unclear. We transplanted dominant species, Carex thu...

High doses of nitrogen (N) fertiliser input on permanent pastures are crucial in terms N surplus and losses. Quantitative analyses the response plant functional traits (PFT) driving crop growth rate (CGR) under low lacking frequently defoliated pastures. This study aimed to understand significance PFTs for productivity uptake grasslands by measuring dynamics tiller density (TD), weight (TW), le...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of combination of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and high-pressure sodium (HPS) lighting on the growth of lettuce variety ‘Multigreen 3’ in a greenhouse. Supplemental blue light had an impact on the efficiency of photosynthetic performance in lettuce; however, different blue light wavelengths had uneven effect. The 470 nm light also had a positive ...

Using functional traits to explain species' range limits is a promising approach in functional biogeography. It replaces the idiosyncrasy of species-specific climate ranges with a generic trait-based predictive framework. In addition, it has the potential to shed light on specific filter mechanisms creating large-scale vegetation patterns. However, its application to a continental flora, spanni...

The last decade has seen a proliferation of studies that use plant functional traits to assess how plants respond climate change. However, it remains unclear whether there is global set can predict plants’ ability cope or even thrive when exposed varying manifestations We conducted systematic review which identified 148 common across biomes best positive responses multiple changes and associate...

In this study, the effects of non-hazardous levels of heavy metal (Zn, Cu, Cr and Cd)-enriched organic waste on biomass partitioning and heavy metal accumulation in plant organs in July and October were determined for two poplar clones (Populus deltoides × maximowiczii—clone Eridano and P. × euramericana—clone I-214) commonly used in Italian poplar plantations. Soil amended with the industrial ...

Abundant evidence has shown that grazing alters plant functional traits, community structure and ecosystem functioning of grasslands. Few studies, however, have tested how plant responses to grazing are mediated by resource availability and plant functional group identity. We examined the effects of grazing on functional traits across a broad range of species along a soil moisture gradient in I...

The atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) level is expected to increase substantially, which may change the global climate and carbon dynamics in ecosystems. We examined the effects of an elevated atmospheric CO2 level on the growth of Quercus acutissima and Fraxinus rhynchophylla seedlings. We investigated changes in the chemical composition of leaf litter, as well as litter decomposition. Q. acuti...

Root distribution is treated as a static component in most current dynamic vegetation models (DVMs). While changes in leaf and stem biomass are reflected in leaf area index (LAI) and vegetation height via specific leaf area (SLA) and allometric relationships, most DVMs assume that changes in root biomass do not result in changes in the root distribution profile and rooting depth. That is, the f...