The article examines the relevance of topic and describes characteristics financial crises: analyzes relationship between business cycles crises, classifies crises into speculative bubbles, currency banking causality specific types crises. concept liquidity in sector importance this preventing are also examined. discusses impact central bank on stability system rates requirements that applies t...

Purpose The last decades have experienced increasingly integrated global political and economic dynamics ranging especially from the influence of exchange rates trade amid other sources uncertainties. purpose this study is to examine rate Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa (BRICS) Republic Turkey. Design/methodology/approach Given perceived dynamics, current examined BRICS countries Tur...

The collective behavior of economic agents during speculative episodes provides the foundations of this book. Such moments are marked by a special atmosphere of optimism and confidence in the future, which permeates the entire market and society as a whole. Exuberance, ebullience, and bullish are some of the expressions used to describe the up-going phase; whilst words such as uncertainty, fear...