An electronic method of control that has been known since the early thirties is that of the phase-lock-loop technique. In this method the phase angle of a periodic signal whose frequency corresponds to the value of the quantity to be controlled is continuously compared with the phase angle of an applied signal whose frequency represents the specified value. A change in the phase difference betw...

some of the important mechanical loads in the civil and military industries are variable speed and power and their efficiency. mechanical coupling of two different electric motors is suitable for these types of application. using this technique reduces energy consumption of submarine’s motion system and submarine range would be increased. but the use of this technique requires a complex control...

in conventional direct torque control (dtc), the stator flux is usually kept constant by controlling the x-axis component of the stator voltage in the stator flux reference frame. the torque is then controlled by the y-axis component of stator voltage. in this scenario, the stator current does not exceed its permissible value. however, in the so-called optimal efficiency mode, the induction mot...

It is widely accepted that humans and animals minimize energetic cost while walking. While such principles predict average behavior, they do not explain the variability observed in walking. For robust performance, walking movements must adapt at each step, not just on average. Here, we propose an analytical framework that reconciles issues of optimality, redundancy, and stochasticity. For human...

most of the methods that have been proposed for speed estimation of induction machines require the rotor and the stator resistance to change in the normal operating range. on the other hand, estimation of the rotor resistance requires rotor speed. in this paper, after studying conditions for simultaneous estimation of rotor speed and rotor resistance, a method for simultaneous estimation of rot...

this work proposes a neural-fuzzy sliding mode control scheme for a hydro-turbine speed governor system. considering the assumption of elastic water hammer, a nonlinear mode of the hydro-turbine governor system is established. by linearizing this mode, a sliding mode controller is designed. the linearized mode is subject to uncertainties. the uncertainties are generated in the process of linear...