Profound knowledge of demographic history is a prerequisite for the understanding and inference of processes involved in the evolution of population differentiation and speciation. Together with new coalescent-based methods, the recent availability of genome-wide data enables investigation of differentiation and divergence processes at unprecedented depth. We combined two powerful approaches, f...

Becker et al. (1) showed a strong effect of habitat split on the richness of species with aquatic larvae but no effect on the richness of species with terrestrial development, both when habitat split was analyzed alone in linear regressions and when it was analyzed together with habitat loss and fragmentation in more complex path analyses. Cannatella (2) argues that if species with aquatic larv...

background and objectives: low fruit/vegetable (fv) diet seems to be a global public health problem. the trans-theoretical stages of change model have long been considered a useful interventional approach in lifestyle modification programs. the aim of this study was to find the most important intermediating factors of fv consumption in mashhad, iran. materials and methods: in this cross-section...

One of the important problems in reducing of pollutant emission from DI and IDI diesel engines is trade-off  between soot and NOx. Split injection is one of the most powerful tools that makes the chance to shift the trade-off curve closer to origin.  At the present work, the effect of split injection on the combustion process and emissions of a cylinder IDI diesel engine under the specification...