The little spotted kiwi (Apteryx owenii) is a flightless ratite formerly found throughout New Zealand but now greatly reduced in distribution. Previous phylogeographic studies of the related brown kiwi (A. mantelli, A. rowi and A. australis), with which little spotted kiwi was once sympatric, revealed extremely high levels of genetic structuring, with mitochondrial DNA haplotypes often restrict...

Over the past 10 years, we have examined hierarchical genetic structure in the three geographically-defined subspecies of spotted owl (Strix occidentalis) to define relationships among subspecies and quantify variation within and among regional and local populations. Sequences (522 bp) from domain I and II of the mitochondrial control region were analyzed for 213 individuals from 30 local breed...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The Asian genus Vigna, to which four cultivated species (rice bean, azuki bean, mung bean and black gram) belong, is suitable for comparative genomics. The aims were to construct a genetic linkage map of rice bean, to identify the genomic regions associated with domestication in rice bean, and to compare these regions with those in azuki bean. METHODS A genetic linkage map...

The multicolored Asian ladybeetle, Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), was introduced into Western Europe in the late 1990s. Since the late 2000s, this species has been commonly considered one of the most abundant aphid predators in most Western European countries. In spite of the large amount of research on H. axyridis, information concerning its relative abundance in agroeco...

Population genetics plays an increasingly important role in the conservation and management of declining species, particularly for defining taxonomic units. Subspecies are recognized by several conservation organizations and countries and receive legal protection under the US Endangered Species Act (ESA). Two subspecies of spotted owls, northern (Strix occidentalis caurina) and Mexican (S. o. l...

In the future, wireless access networks will diversify, and they are quite different in their characteristics. We focus on data transmission rate and area coverage, and assume overlay network composed of hot-spotted network and cellular network. Hot-spotted network indicates highspeed wireless network and very limited communication area due to its spotted cell. A mobile user cannot continuously...

When a black-spotted female platyfish (Platypoecilus maculatus) is mated to an unspotted (genetically recessive) male platyfish, one of three hereditary expressions may be expected. If the female is genetically pure (homozygous dominant) for the spotted factor, all of the young may be expected to be spotted. The genetic formula representing this situation is (W)Sp(Z)Sp, for the mother, where W ...