To evaluate the scalar ocean surface wind speeds obtained from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) we compare them over the time period from July 1987 through December 1997 with those from two global analyses: the NCEP/NCAR Annual Reanalysis and the ECMWF TOGA Global Surface Analysis. We perform a statistical analysis for the whole globe and present time series analyses for selected geo...

Land surface soil moisture (SSM) is crucial in research and applications in hydrology, ecology, and meteorology. A novel SSM retrieval model, based on the diurnal cycles of land surface temperature (LST) and net surface shortwave radiation (NSSR), has recently been reported. It suggests a promising avenue for the retrieval of regional SSM using LST and NSSR derived from geostationary satellites...

In this paper, we present Scene Structural Matrix (SSM) and apply it to the retrieval of landscape images. The SSM captures the overall structural characteristics of the scene by indexing the geometric features of the image. A binary image tree (bintree) is used to partition the image and from which we derive multi-resolution geometric structural descriptors of the image. It is shown that SSM i...

Management has become a key concern for the success of multicast deployment in the Internet. One of the most important management tasks for multicast is to verify the availability of the service to its users. This task is referred to as discovering or testing reachability. In this paper, we present a new mechanism, SSM-Ping, for discovering multicast reachability between (remote) end systems in...

This paper describes a group support system (GSS) to support distributed requirements investigation using Soft Systems Methodology (SSM). SSM is useful in complex problem situations involving many stakeholder roles with conflicting interests and goals. We use a worldwide-web-based GSS to facilitate maximum participation by potential users and stakeholders distributed world-wide. Design issues a...

After compensation, the measurement errors arising from multiple fluorescences spilling into each detector become evident by the spreading of nominally negative distributions. Depending on the instrument configuration and performance, and reagents used, this "spillover spreading" (SS) affects sensitivity in any given parameter. The degree of SS had been predicted theoretically to increase with ...

This paper presents an overview of the Boston University continuous word recognition system, which is based on the Stochastic Segment Model (SSM). The key components of the system described here include: a segment-based acoustic model that uses a family of Gaussian distributions to characterize variable length segments; a divisive clustering technique for estimating robust context-dependent mod...

We consider the possibility that single-source multicast (SSM) will become a universal multicast service, enabling large-scale distribution of content from a few well-known sources to a general audience. Operating under this assumption, we explore the problem of building the traditional IP model of any-source multicast on top of SSM. Toward this end, we design an SSM proxy service that allows a...

Service oriented architecture (SOA) and shared services (SS) have been widely studied in the information technology literature. However, there is a lack of tools for shared services management (SSM) to apply SOA. This paper proposes an ontological map for SSM to apply SOA. This mapping approach, based on the well-known Zachman framework of information architecture, specifies the ontological per...

A new State-Space Model (SSM) based voice conversion method has been proposed recently which outperforms the traditional Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) method. Although the implementation process of the new method has been elaborated, the theoretical essence of this method has not been analysed clearly. In this paper an exhaustive analysis of the SSM based method is given theoretically and experi...