Any voluntary motion of the body causes an internal perturbation of balance. Load transfer during manual material handling may increase these perturbations. This study investigates effects of stance condition on postural control during lifting. Nineteen healthy subjects repeatedly lifted and lowered a load between a desk and a shelf. The base of support was varied between parallel and step stan...

The centre of pressure (COP) movement during stance maintenance on a stable surface is commonly used to describe and evaluate static balance. The aim of our study was to test sensitivity of individual COP parameters to different stance positions which were used to address size specific changes in the support surface. Twenty-nine subjects participated in the study. They carried out three 60-seco...

In healthy subjects, electromyography (EMG) reveals that well-coordinated walking can be produced by exciting four co-activation modules: Module 1 (hip and knee extensors) in early stance, Module 2 (ankle plantarflexors) in late stance, Module 3 (tibialis anterior and rectus femoris) during swing, and Module 4 (hamstrings) in late swing and early stance [1]. These modules, comprised of timing a...

Walking is a motor task requiring coordination of many muscles. Previous biomechanical studies, based primarily on analyses of the net ankle moment during stance, have concluded different functional roles for the plantar flexors. We hypothesize that some of the disparities in interpretation arise because of the effects of the uniarticular and biarticular muscles that comprise the plantar flexor...

BACKGROUND Excessive hip flexion in gait is thought to be associated with hip flexion contracture, but has also been associated with excessive anterior pelvic tilt, knee flexion, internal hip rotation, and muscular factors. The purpose of this study was to examine the contributors to excessive hip flexion during gait in children with cerebral palsy, with and without hip flexion contractures. ...

This diachronic corpus-based analysis investigates the use of epistemic stance devices inreports from United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)from date its first report physical science climate change in 1990 to itssixth contribution 2021. Applying framework (Biber & Finegan, 1989),the study focuses upon changes markers modal verbsand adverbs across approximately 30-...