Recent research has shown that academic writing is not ‘author-evacuated’ but, rather, carries a representation of the writers’ identity. One way through which writers project their identity in academic writing is stance-taking toward propositions advanced in the text. Appropriate stance-taking has proved to be challenging for novice writers of Research Articles (RAs), especially those writing ...

This paper argues that supervised cognitive growth in artifacts will be very difficult to achieve without detailed knowledge about systems‟ internal states. Physical information is too low level to provide a useful understanding of a system‟s behavior, and it is more pragmatically useful to take a mental stance towards an artificial system and interpret its actions in terms of mental states. Th...

I wish to defend the thesis that robot ethics is a legitimate, interesting, and important field of philosophical and scientific research. I believe it is a coherent possibility that one day robots will be good ethical decision-makers at least in limited situations and act ethically on the basis of their ethical understanding. Put another way, such envisioned future robots will not only act acco...