We previously demonstrated that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) induce cardiomyocyte differentiation through the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase TAK1. Transcription factors Smads mediate transforming growth factor-beta signaling and the ATF/CREB family transcription factor ATF-2 has recently been shown to act as a common target of the Smad and the TAK1 pathways. We here examin...

New blood forming vessels are produced by differentiation of mesodermal precursor cells to angioblasts that become endothelial cells (ECs) which in turn give rise to primitive capillary network. Human cord blood (HCB) contains large subsets of mononuclear cells (MNCs) that can be differentiated into endothelial-like cells in vitro. Human mononuclear progenitor cells were purified from fresh umb...

currently autografts are gold standards for craniomaxillofacial bone regeneration. but autografts have some limitations. bone tissue engineering has been introduced to overcome these limitations. it consist three components: stem cells, growth factor, and scaffold. scaffold provides an environment for bone growth and simplifies cell adhesion, differentiation and proliferation. in this review, a...

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells able to differentiating into a variety of mesenchymal tissues including osteoblasts, adipocytes and several other tissues. Objectives: Differentiation of MSCs into fibroblast cells in vitro is an attractive strategy to achieve fibroblast cell and use them for purposes such as regeneration medicine. The goal of this s...

background: wound healing of burned skin remains a major goal in public health. previous reports showed that the bone marrow stem cells were potent in keratinization and vascularization of full thickness skin wounds. methods: in this study, mesenchymal stem cells were derived from rat adipose tissues and characterized by flowcytometry. staining methods were used to evaluate their differentiatio...

BACKGROUND Amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs) possess optimal differentiation potential and are a promising resource for cell therapy and tissue engineering. Mouse is a good model to be studied for pre-clinical research. METHODS In this study, we successfully established enhanced green fluorescent protein mouse-derived amniotic fluid stem cells (EGFP-mAFSCs) and investigated whether EG...

introduction: lactate dehydrogenase is one of the cardiac enzyme markers, studied in vivo. in the present study, activity and kinetic properties of enzyme extracted from cardiomycytes derived from mouse embyronic stem cell in vitro were compared with enzyme extracted mouse neonatal from cardiomyocytes in vivo. material and methods: mouse embryonic stem cells were cultured and differentiated and...

Abstract Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family members, including TGF-βs and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), play important roles in directing the fate of stem cells. In embryonic stem cells, the TGF-β superfamily participates in almost all stages of cell development, such as cell maintenance, lineage selection, and progression of differentiation. In adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs...

RATIONALE Human embryonic stem cells can form cardiomyocytes when cultured under differentiation conditions. Although the initiating step of mesoderm formation is well characterized, the subsequent steps that promote for cardiac lineages are poorly understood and limit the yield of cardiomyocytes. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to develop a human embryonic stem cell-based high-content screening assay ...