background: spermatogonial stem cells (sscs), a subset of undifferentiated type a spermatogonia, are the foundation of complex process of spermatogenesis and could be propagated in vitro culture conditions for long time for germ cell transplantation and fertility preservation. objective: the aim of this study was in vitro propagation of human spermatogonial stem cells (sscs) and improvement of ...

Abbreviations: BMSCs: Bone Marrow-derived Stem Cells; c-MYC: Myc Proto-oncogene Protein; CXCr: CXC-Chemokine Receptor; DE: Definitive Endoderm; DPP4: Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4; EB: Embryoid Body; EGF: Epidermal Growth Factor; ES: Embryonic Stem; ESCs: Embryonic Stem Cells; FACS: Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting; FGF: Fibroblast Growth Factor; FoXa2: Forkhead Box Protein A2; GLP1: Glucagon-like ...

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells, capable of differentiating into different cell lines.They can sense their surrounding biochemical and biophysical factors, which play major roles in their differentiation toward different phenotypes. Therefore, the exposure of these cells to endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as hemodynamic biomechanical forces, which act on...

introduction: embryonic stem (es) cells are pluripotent cells derived from inner cell mass of blastocyst. these cells can product any cell by spontaneous or directed differentiation. this study was started to produce neuron cells by directed differentiation of new murine es cell line in vitro. materials and methods: murine es cells (royan b1 derived from c57bl/6 strain) were used for in vitro n...

introduction: stem cell biology has been the subject of much recent discussion. embryonic stem (es) cells, derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst stage of early mammalian embryos are expected to become a powerful tool in future regenerative medicine and developmental biology due to their capacity of self-renewal and pluripotency. in the present study, the ultrastructural development...

Background and Aims: Human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASCs) are considered as an attractive source of regenerative stem cells, mainly because of their higher proliferation rate, more accessibility and hepatocyte like properties as compared to mesenchymal stem cells isolated from other tissues. Numerous studies have described the beneficial use of adipose tissue-derived stem cells for g...

Introduction  Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) which is produced in abundance in the normal adult liver, is deeply involved in hepatocyte survival, growth, and differentiation during liver development. IGF-I plays the roles via the receptor (IGF-IR) signaling pathway. IGF-IR unlike IGF-I is expressed strongly in the developing liver, but much more weakly in adults. Objective:  We hypothesi...

A deficiency of cardiomyocytes underlies most cases of heart failure, and scientists have long sought to repopulate the heart with new cardiomyocytes. Most attempts at remuscularization have been based on the transplantation of stem cells or their derivatives, and success has been modest to date. A recent study by Ieda and colleagues1 points to a new therapeutic strategy: reprogramming fibrobla...

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), an endothelial cell-specific mitogen produced by various cell types, plays important roles in cell differentiation and proliferation. In this study we investigated the effect of recombinant VEGF-A on differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to endothelial cells (ECs). Methods: VEGF-A was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) and BL21...