In perovskite oxide ferroelectrics, gradients of lattice strain are known to induce nanoscale topological structures, leading novel or enhanced functionality. Here, we experimentally detect and theoretically analyze thickness distribution structural properties in epitaxial ${\mathrm{Pb}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.5}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ films grown on (001) $\mathrm{SrTi}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ su...

The expressions for the free energy in two recent formulations of strain gradient plasticity are extended to include the locked-in strain energy around statistically stored dislocations. This is accomplished by using the strain dependent factor h(ep), which represents the fraction of the rate of plastic work converted into heat in accordance with the latent heat measurements from classical meta...

Dislocation models with considering the mismatch of elastic modulus between matrix and reinforcing particles are used to determine the effective strain gradient h for particle reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCp) in the present research. Based on Taylor relation and the kinetics of dislocation multiplication, glide and annihilation, a strain gradient dependent constitutive equation is deve...

__.________________.______ Introduction _ _ _ ___ _ _ .. Principal features of the theory of elasticity Stress __________._____.__.___ ___ Types of stress. ______________.__.. Variation with orientation of stress at a point Stresses in static equilibrium _ Strain . ... _.... _........ . _...._.. ......... Definitions and notation .. . Stress-strain relations in the elastic state. Condition of c...