In purely bent ZnO microwires, the excitons can be effectively driven and concentrated by the elastic strain-gradient towards the tensile outer side of the purely bent wire. Experimental and theoretical approaches are combined to investigate the dynamics of excitons in an inhomogeneous strain field with a uniform elastic strain-gradient. Cathodoluminescence spectroscopy analysis on purely bent ...

We report a design strategy to combine the benefits from both gradient structure and transformationinduced plasticity (TRIP). The resultant TRIP-gradient steel takes advantage of both mechanisms, allowing strain hardening to last to a larger plastic strain. 304 stainless steel sheets were treated by surface mechanical attrition to synthesize gradient structure with a central coarse-grained laye...

Species diversity includes two aspects, the number of species (species richness) and the proportional abundances of the species (heterogeneity diversity). Species richness and heterogeneity diversity can be measured over different scales; a single point, samples, large scales, biogeographical provinces and in assemblages and habitats. In the literature, the terminology of these scales is confus...

Gradient coding allows a master node to derive the aggregate of partial gradients, calculated by some worker nodes over local data sets, with minimum communication cost, and in presence stragglers. In this paper, for gradient linear encoding, we characterize optimum cost heterogeneous distributed systems <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/...

This article proposes a new, more efficient method to compute the minus two log likelihood, its gradient, and the Hessian for structural equation models (SEMs) in reticular action model (RAM) notation. The method exploits the beneficial aspect of RAM notation that the matrix derivatives used in RAM are sparse. For an SEM with K variables, P parameters, and P' entries in the symmetrical or asymm...

Strain gradient elasticity and nonlocal are two enhanced elastic theories intensively used over the last fifty years to explain static dynamic phenomena that classical fails do. The theory has a clear differentiation from case by considering stresses at point of continuum as an integral defined in treated body. On other hand, strain is characterized non-classical because considers both potentia...