Lateral gene transfer in four strains of Salmonella enterica has been assessed using genomic subtraction. Strain LT2 (subspecies I serovar Typhimurium) chromosomal DNA was used as target and subtracted by three subspecies I strains of serovars Typhimurium (S21), Muenchen (S71), Typhi (M229), and a subspecies V strain (M321). Data from probing random cosmids of LT2 DNA with preparations of the r...

Introduction S1 Pharmacological actions S2 Traumatic lesions and experimental cerebral oedema S2 Cerebral hypoxia and ischaemia S5 Synaptic transmission and neurotransmitter levels S13 Learning performance, memory and brain ageing S17 Experimental withdrawal syndrome and intoxications S19 Toxicity S20 Acute toxicity S20 Subacute toxicity S20 Chronic toxicity S20 Teratogenicity S20 Pharmacokinet...

The lymphocyte proliferation assay (LPA) is a technique to determine T-lymphocyte functions in vitro. The standard LPA using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) separated from heparinized blood requires a large blood sample, time consuming and expensive. It is more useful if acid citrate dextrose (ACD) blood could be used not only for LPA but also for other purposes. To determine whether ...

* Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand ** Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand *** Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand **** Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospi...

* Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand ** Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand *** Department of Family Health, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand **** Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol Un...

The physiological role of LepA, a paralog of EF-G found in all bacteria, has been a mystery for decades. Here, we show that LepA functions in ribosome biogenesis. In cells lacking LepA, immature 30S particles accumulate. Four proteins are specifically underrepresented in these particles-S3, S10, S14, and S21-all of which bind late in the assembly process and contribute to the folding of the 3' ...

The rpsU gene, which encodes the ribosomal small-subunit protein S21 in Anabaena, is not a part of the macromolecular-synthesis operon as in most enterobacteria but rather is located downstream of the rbpA1 gene, which encodes an RNA-binding protein. Two types of transcripts were detected for this gene cluster. The level of the major rbpA1-rpsU transcript was about 10 times higher at 22 degrees...

A new Lagrangian sea ice model for the Arctic Ocean has been developed to accommodate the assimilation of integral measures of ice displacement over periods of days or weeks. The model is a two-layer (thick ice and open water) dynamic model with 600–700 cells spaced at roughly 100 km. The force balance equation is solved for each cell with standard wind and water stress terms, a Coriolis term, ...

A simple coupled flux and sea state model is developed. It is applicable to low, moderate, and high wind speeds, with a nonarbitrary wave age. It is fully consistent with an atmospheric flux parameterization. The flux model includes the influence of capillary waves on surface stress, which dominate surface stress on a waveperturbed surface for U10 , 7 m s21. The coupled model is verified for co...