Urban branding, as a new approach toward urban development, improves marketing of the city image in different ways by changing the visual image of the city into a brand image. This paper aims to survey the element of urban branding strategies in Iranian cities by examining the criteria of urban branding theory in Iranian cities. The main goal of this investigation is to describe how the cities ...

A dynamic and open service market should be characterised by the frequent appearance of new and diverse services. But in the internet environment, where a significant proportion of the functionality of new services is supported by Customer Premises Equipment (CPE), deployment can be an issue. How can such a diverse range of new services be easily deployed particularly in a heterogeneous environ...

This essay addresses two questions: "How does sustained strategic alignment create value and provide competitive advantage for a firm?" and "How can strategic alignment that is sustained over time be conceptualized and quantified?" We build on the Dynamic Capabilities Framework and suggest that an organization’s ability to achieve a high degree of strategic alignment is an enduring competency...

The prevalent competitive business environment has forced companies to devise strategies to survive. Strategic agility is one such business imperative companies require in the dynamic environment. Strategic agility is comprised of strategic sensitivity, strategic response and collective capabilities. Moreover, companies are collaborating in order to gain competitive advantage. This led to forma...