OBJECTIVE The fractal dimension of retinal arteries and veins is a measure of the complexity of the vascular tree. We hypothesized that retinal fractal dimension would be associated with brain volume and white matter integrity in HIV-infected women. DESIGN Nested case-control within longitudinal cohort study. METHODS Women were recruited from the Brooklyn site of the Women's Interagency HIV...

Hu, Taishan, Satish P. RamachandraRao, Senthuran Siva, Cathryn Valancius, Yanqing Zhu, Kalyankar Mahadev, Irene Toh, Barry J. Goldstein, Marilyn Woolkalis, and Kumar Sharma. Reactive oxygen species production via NADPH oxidase mediates TGF-induced cytoskeletal alterations in endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 289: F816–F825, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00024.2005.—Cytoskeletal alterat...

PURPOSE Retinal vessel analysis is affected by both systemic and ocular factors. Malays are the major ethnicity in South East Asia. Data on the retinal microvasculature in Malays is limited, especially among children. We aim to evaluate the influence of ocular biometry on retinal vessel parameters in young Malay girls. METHODS This was a cross-sectional, hospital-based study involving 86 Mala...

The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) plays a critical role in the degradation of proteins implicated in cell cycle control, signal transduction, DNA damage response, apoptosis and immune response. Proteasome inhibitors can inhibit the growth of a broad spectrum of human cancer cells by altering the balance of intracellular proteins. However, the targets of these compounds in acute myeloid leu...

Patterns of sexual dimorphism in dioecious organisms depend on the relative strengths of a variety of selection pressures (Andersson, 1994; Mùller, 1994). For example, selection may favour large female size if this ensures greater fecundity, parental care or dominance in contests over resources. Typically, sexual selection is thought to in ̄uence sexual size dimorphism in the context of female c...

Papillomatous digital dermatitis (PDD) is a polymicrobial infection in soft tissue adjacent to the hoof and is the leading cause of lameness in dairy cattle. Treponema phagedenis-like (TPL) spirochetes are a constant feature of PDD lesions and are localized deep in infected tissue. Host-cell response mechanisms to TPL spirochetes are poorly understood. To assess how bovine macrophages respond t...

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am very grateful to my advisor Dr. A. Srivastava for his great guidance, patience and research attitude for this work. His classes and knowledge are very helpful for me to understand the filed of VLSI and Nanotechnology, moreover, he also gave me financial support for one year. I would like to thank Dr. Wanjun Wang and Dr. Hsaio-Chun Wu for being a part of my committee. Dr. W...

Introduction: Risk of Nonunion, residual shoulder disability and symptomatic malunion are higher in conservative treatment of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures which are reportedly decreased by operative method but plating these fractu profile anatomically precontoured plates may reduce the rates of plate prominence and hardware removal. Objective: To assess the rate of plate prominence, ra...

We surveyed variation in allozymes and in the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) gene in populations of three nominal species of hairstreak butterßies in the genus Mitoura in northern California. These species are separated on the basis of wing pattern and larval hostplant differences: M. nelsoni (Boisduval) larvae feed on incense cedar, Calocedrus decurrens (Torrey); M. muiri(Hy.Edward...