Aims: Gather relevant literature, understand and expose the mechanism by which Rheumatic Fever can trigger Endocarditis Method: This is a narrative review, where following descriptors were used as source of research: Endocarditis; Fever; Bacterial in Scielo, PubMed, LILACS, BVS MEDLINE databases.
 Methodology: Results: It observed that rheumatic fever mainly affects children adolescents. T...

The group A Streptococcus is the most common bacterial cause of pharyngitis. Although most cases of streptococcal pharyngitis are managed by primary care providers, the otolaryngologist is often consulted to assist in the management of patients with persistent sore throat, chronic streptococcal carriage, recurrent streptococcal pharyngitis, or complications of streptococcal infection. This arti...

More than 33,000 glycosyltransferases have been identified. Structural studies, however, have only revealed two distinct glycosyltransferase (GT) folds, GT-A and GT-B. Here we report a 1.34-Å resolution X-ray crystallographic structure of a previously uncharacterized 'domain of unknown function' 1792 (DUF1792) and show that the domain adopts a new fold and is required for glycosylation of a fam...

The nature of the mitogenic activity of pyrogenic streptococcal exotoxin B, also known as streptococcal cysteine protease, has been debated in the literature. Streptococcal exotoxin B has been shown to cleave interleukin-1beta precursor and create biologically active interleukin-1beta, a major cytokine mediating inflammation and shock. This activity could mimic the mitogenicity and cytokine rel...

Sharp, John T. (Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.). Amino sugars in L forms of bacteria and pleuropneumonia-like organisms. J. Bacteriol. 86:692-701. 1963.-Studies of several bacterial L forms and their parent bacteria have revealed similar amino sugars in the two forms of microorganisms, with the exception that muramic acid was absent from the streptococcal and staphylococcal L forms. In c...

The B monomer of the Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin (LTB) was expressed on the surface of the human oral commensal bacterium Streptococcus gordonii. Recombinant bacteria expressing LTB were used to immunize BALB/c mice subcutaneously and intragastrically. The LTB monomer expressed on the streptococcal surface proved to be highly immunogenic, as LTB-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) serum tite...

Objective. To provide a comprehensive overview of published evidence on the impact of erythritol, a noncaloric polyol bulk sweetener, on oral health. Methods. A literature review was conducted regarding the potential effects of erythritol on dental plaque (biofilm), dental caries, and periodontal therapy. The efficacy of erythritol on oral health was compared with xylitol and sorbitol. Results....

Group A streptococcal strains isolated from rheumatic fever patients were cultivated in the presence of bovine heart valves in a medium devoid of components from animal origin. Other group A streptococci and various bacteria were used as controls. The supernatant of these cultures was extracted and analyzed chemically and immunologically. The extracts prepared from cultures of two "rheumatogeni...

The question of whether hypersensitivity to streptococcal antigens plays a role in the pathogenesis of the nonsuppurative sequelae of streptococcal infections remains at present unclear. As a first step in the approach to this question, the degree of cellular reactivity of peripheral blood leucocytes to streptococcal antigens was investigated in a number of rheumatic fever patients, patients wi...

The lactococcal group II intron Ll.ltrB interrupts the ltrB relaxase gene within a region that encodes a conserved functional domain. Nucleotides essential for the homing of Ll.ltrB into an intronless version of ltrB are found exclusively at positions required to encode amino acids broadly conserved in a family of relaxase proteins of gram-positive bacteria. Two of these relaxase genes, pcfG fr...