Surgery remains the most effective treatment for most cancers, but it is usually associated with systemic release of tumour cells; additionally, preexisting scattered micrometastases commonly remain. Whether minimal residual disease succeeds in establishing itself as recurrence or metastases is primarily a function of host defence. In practice, the immune system frequently fails to neutralize r...

One hundred and eighty-two consecutive Caesarean sections under epidural analgesia have been reviewed; 120 of the patients had epidural analgesia induced during labour and 62 had epidural analgesia induced for the operation only. Analgesia was satisfaaory in 170 patients and operating conditions were satisfactory in 173. The most frequent complication was vomiting which was associated with the ...

conclusions the results of the current study suggested that spinal anesthesia plus intravenous patient-controlled analgesia have the most favorable cardiac effects regarding postoperative levels of pro-bnp. results there was no difference between three groups for basic characteristics and variables and baseline pro-bnp levels; however, postoperative pro-bnp levels in groups a, b, and c were res...

The potential role of opioids in analgesic brain mechanisms has consistently been a matter of debate. In the last decade, the debate has shifted from whether there are opioid mechanisms of analgesia to the exact nature of these opioid mechanisms. In this, as in many other cases of biology meeting psychology, the task is made more arduous by the intrinsic and well known difficulties inherent in ...

The aim of this study was to determine whether anesthesia consisting of sedation induced by intramuscular administration of xylazine-diazepam and lumbosacral analgesia induced by epidural administration of lidocaine and xylazine is satisfactory for castration and ovariohysterectomy in cats. Six adult (3 male and 3 female, 2.5 ± 0.5 years of age) cats (mean body weight ± SD, 2.2 ± 0.44 kg) were ...

background and purpose: this study was designed in order to compare the effects of spinal and epidural analgesia on labour and also several maternal and fetal factors in vaginal delivery. materials and methods: the study was a randomized clinical trail and participatnts were 120 gravid 1 and gravid 2 women in the active phase of delivery, admitted to the labour room of fatemieh hospital in hame...

common vetch ( vicia sativa l.) an annual forage, belonging to the fabaceae family is one of the highly cultivated forage legumes in iran. drought stress is a serious adverse factor that limits plant growth and productivity, inducing a range of physiological as well as biochemical responses in plants. it may also lead to generation of oxygen activated species which in turn result in cell destru...