background: bladder cancer (bc) is the most commonly diagnosed genitourinary cancer in iran, presented in both men and women. bc is a multifactorial trait resulting from the complex interaction between several genes and environmental factors. long stress-induced non-coding transcript 5 (lsinct5), a member of the long non-coding rnas, is abundantly expressed in high proliferative cells, as well ...

Effective analgesia and blockade of the perioperative stress response may improve outcome and accelerate recovery following thoracic surgery. Although different approaches can achieve the same goal, it seems that a multimodal pain management based on the use of synergistic drugs provides better analgesia. The route of administration of the postoperative analgesic drugs is important, and epidura...

The role of the dorsal basal and the central nuclei of the amygdala under two modes of foot-shock analgesia was studied in 45 Möll-Wistar rats. Four minutes of continuous foot-shock produced post-stress analgesia in control and in all lesioned rats, but 20 min of regularly intermittent foot-shock did not evoke analgesia in rats with central nucleus lesion. This result indicates different involv...

Background: Morphine and lidocaine are known to influence the perception of pain. The present study sought to determine the influence of local administration of morphine on lidocaine-induced analgesia in morphine non-dependent (MND), morphine dependent (MD) and morphine withdrawal (MW) animals. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control, MND, MD and MW rats. Lidocai...

Oxytocin (OT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) are 2 neuropeptides that display well-known effects on the reproductive system. Although still controversial, oxytocin and vasopressin were demonstrated to exert potent effects on the nociceptive system when administered directly in various central nervous structures. On the other hand, little is known about their peripheral (hormonal) actions on noc...

The objective of the study was to determine the analgesic and systemic effects of subarachnoid administration of xylazine hydrochloride (XY), lidocaine hydrochloride (LI) and their combination (XYLI) in goats. Six healthy goats were used in a prospective randomised study. Three treatments were administered to each goat, with 1-week intervals between each treatment. Treatments consisted of 0.1 m...