BACKGROUND Adipose afferent reflex (AAR) is a sympatho-excitatory reflex induced by chemical stimulation of white adipose tissue (WAT). Ionotropic glutamate receptors including NMDA receptors (NMDAR) and non-NMDA receptors (non-NMDAR) in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) mediate the AAR. Enhanced AAR contributes to sympathetic activation and hypertension in obesity rats. This study was designed to ...

the study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant activity of hydroalcoholic solution extracts of urtica dioica l. (ud), malva neglecta wallr. (mn) plants and their mixture. in this study, flower (udf), root (udr), seed (uds) and leaf (udl) parts of ud and flower (mnf) and leaf (mnl) parts of mn were used. the antioxidant properties of hydroalcoholic extracts and their mixture were evaluated us...

IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART failure, endothelial dysfunction contributes to increased systemic vascular resistance, decreased exercise tolerance, and reduced tissue perfusion. One of the better-characterized mechanisms responsible for endothelial dysfunction is the increased production of superoxide anions (9). In the vascular wall, superoxide anions are generated mainly through the activati...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transport of urea across the blood-brain barrier is increased during postischemic cerebral reperfusion in the piglet. Ischemia/reperfusion also has been observed to increase apparent superoxide anion generation on the surface of the brain. The present study was designed to address the hypothesis that the increased transfer of urea into the brain after ischemia/reperfusion...

Indirect evidence suggests accelerated degradation of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (ENDO) by superoxide anion (O2-) in hypercholesterolemic vessels (HV). To directly measure O2- production by normal vessels (NV) and HV, we used an assay for O2- based on the chemiluminescence (CL) of lucigenin (L). HV (1 mo cholesterol-fed rabbits) produced threefold more O2- than NV (1.47 +/- 0.20 nM/mg tis...

BACKGROUND Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is considered to accelerate glomerular injury in various forms of renal disease. Several tissue culture studies suggested that biological effects of Lp(a) are inhibitable by oxygen radical scavengers. Since reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) are important mediators of renal disease, we studied the effects of native and oxidized Lp(a) on generation of the ROM sup...

In this study, sulfated low molecular-weight Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides (SLTP) with different sulfate contents were synthesized and their antioxidant activities, including superoxide anion radical, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities were investigated. The results indicated that, compared to natural Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to investigate LDL modifications by cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) from women smokers and non-smokers. METHODS Modifications of LDL by HUVEC were studied by determining the values of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and the percentage of the most electronegative oxidized LDL fraction (fraction C) by using an ion-exchan...

It is believed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a very important role in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but the mechanism has not been so clear, owing to the absence of direct measurable (experimental) data. In majority of the medical studies on free radicals, the analysis of ROS has generally been done by the way of measuring their secondary and breakdow...