the present research deals with verbal and visual values of the persian alphabet. man had achieved common results in this respect in the course of the history, and graphical forms are believed to act as a strong bridge between the man and the universe. the theoretical research is aimed at responding to fundamental questions in this respect including those concerning scientific and historical re...

The symbol-pair codes over finite fields have been raised for symbol-pair read channels and motivated by application of high-density data storage technologies [1, 2]. Their generalization is the code for b-symbol read channels (b > 2). Many MDS codes for b-symbol read channels have been constructed which meet the Singleton-like bound ([3, 4, 10] for b = 2 and [11] for b > 2). In this paper we s...

The papers collected in this special issue emerged from an international workshop on symbol grounding organised at the University of Plymouth on 3 and 4 July 2006 by the Distributed Language Group. Our goal was to extend the classical view of symbol grounding by recognising that language and cognitive dynamics are mutually constitutive. Specifically, we aimed to do so by bringing researchers wh...

No facet of human development is more crucial than becoming symbol-minded. To participate fully in any society, children have to master the symbol systems that are important in that society. Children today must learn to use more varieties of symbolic media than ever before, so it is even more important to understand the processes involved in symbolic development. Recent research has greatly exp...

In this section, we compute the symbol of the scattering matrix-in particular given two magnetic fields which agree to some order, we compute the principal symbol of the difference of the associated scattering matrices in terms of the lead term of the difference of the magnetic fields. We use the techniques of [8], [5] and [4] to construct the Poisson operator and compute the symbols. We procee...

Symbol recognition is a field within graphics recognition to which a lot of efforts have already been devoted. However, a document analysis expert who is more familiar with OCR might rightfully wonder what exactly we call a symbol and how symbol recognition differs from basic character recognition. Our feeling is that the problem is very different because of the much higher number and variety o...

A generalized maximum a posteriori (MAP) symbol synchronizer for arbitrary nonoverlapping pulse shape and data-transition density is derived, and a simplified realization is presented. Acquisition performance at low to very low symbol signalto-noise ratios (SNRs) is investigated and compared against the conventional datatransition tracking loop (DTTL). Simulation results show that the MAP symbo...

A modified trie-searching algorithm and corresponding data structure are introduced which permit rapid search of a dictionary for a symbol or a valid abbreviation. The dictionary-insertion algorithm automatically determines disambiguation points, where possible, for each symbol. The search operation will classify a symbol as one of the following unknown (i.e. not a valid symbol), ambiguous (i.e...

Hydrophobic amino acids of the group Leu, Ile, Val, Phe, and Met (LIVFM) are distributed in favored or suppressed patterns within protein sequences. The frequencies of all five-position combinations of [symbol: see text] = LIVFM and [symbol: see text] = non-LIVFM residues were analyzed in 48 proteins of known crystallographic structure. Some motifs were strongly preferred or suppressed; e.g., [...