P Aksoy-Sagirli, T Yilmaz-Ozden, N Ozsoy, B Ozbek Celik, S Kultur & G Melikoglu Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116 Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116 Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116 Istanbul, Turkey; Department ...

OBJECTIVES To determine the extent of shortfall in syringes by measuring the need from nationally validated sources and comparing it with position on the supply side. This was done in order to contribute to the ongoing national discussions that have focused on increasing syringe supply to curtail syringe reuse. METHODS Using 'Injections received' data from the Pakistan Demographic Health Surv...

BACKGROUND Local anesthetic injection is one of the most anxiety provoking procedure in dentistry. Knowledge about change in pain related behaviour during consecutive visits helps in and scheduling of treatment procedures and management of children in dental clinic. AIM To compare the pain perception, behavioural response and the associated change in physiological parameters while receiving l...

Reduced-antigen-content diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (dTpa) vaccine, Boostrix™, is indicated for booster vaccination of children, adolescents and adults. The original prefilled disposable dTpa syringe presentation was recently replaced by another prefilled-syringe presentation with latex-free tip-caps and plunger-stoppers. 671 healthy adolescents aged 10-15 years who had previously re...

Outcome Number of studies Odds ratio Confidence interval (95% confidence level) Reduction in Needle Sharing 6 3.22 2.17-4.77 Needle and Syringe Programs (NSPs) are interventions that provide drug preparation and injection equipment to injection drug users to decrease equipment sharing, and consequently, HIV transmission risk. Drug equipment may include needles, syringes, and other ancillary mat...

BACKGROUND The practice of on-ice storage of arterial-blood samples in plastic syringes for delayed analysis continues, and the effects of storage time and temperature on the measurement of blood-oxygen-saturation values (S(aO2)) have not been adequately described. OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of syringe material, storage time, and storage temperature on normal arterialized blood gas an...

background : dental unit waterlines (duwls) are ideal nvironment for development of microbial biofilms. microbial contamination of water in duwls is thought to be the result of biofilm formation as it could serves as a haven for pathogens. the aim of this study was to assess microbial quality of water in dental unit waterlines of dental units located at the dental school of isfahan university o...