The US Food and Drug Administration has recommended statistical guidelines that introduce two new bioequivalence criteria: population bioequivalence (PBE) and individual bioequivalence (IBE). In this paper we propose a hierarchical Bayesian methodology for evaluating these recently introduced criteria. We derive the joint posterior distribution of the parameters involved in a crossover design a...

(5) (i = a/(a + b), a2 = ab/[ia + b+l)ia + b)2]. Throughout this paper the following restrictions are imposed on the parameters a and b: {1} They can assume only positive half-integer values, i.e., a = k or a = k — 1/2, b = j or b = j — 1/2, where k and j are positive integers. {2} They satisfy the inequalities (6) 1/2 ^ a ^ 108, 1/2 g b ^ 60 . The purpose in this paper is to describe an effici...

In the analysis of microarray data, and in some other contemporary statistical problems, it is not uncommon to apply hypothesis tests in a highly simultaneous way. The number, N say, of tests used can be much larger than the sample sizes, n, to which the tests are applied, yet we wish to calibrate the tests so that the overall level of the simultaneous test is accurate. Often the sampling distr...

BACKGROUND: Disaster-related mortality is a growing public health concern in the African Region. These deaths are hypothesized to have a significantly negative effect on per capita gross domestic product (GDP). The objective of this study was to estimate the loss in GDP attributable to natural and technological disaster-related mortality in the WHO African Region. METHODS: The impact of disaste...

Once upon a time there was only one t distribution, the familiar central t, and it was monopolised by the Null Hypotheses (the Nulls), the high priests in Significance Land. The Alternative Hypotheses (the Alts) felt unjustly neglected, so they developed the noncentral t distribution to break the monopoly, and provide useful functions for researchers—calculation of statistical power, and confid...

BACKGROUND The majority of fatalities on the European Union (EU) railways are suicides, representing about 60% of all railway fatalities. The aim of this study was to compare time patterns of suicidal behaviour on railway tracks in Germany between two observation periods (1995-1998 and 2005-2008) in order to investigate their stability and value in railway suicide prevention. METHODS Cases we...

Student’s t-distribution has found various applications in mathematical statistics. One of the main properties of the t-distribution is to converge to the normal distribution as the number of samples tends to infinity. In this paper, by using a Cauchy integral we introduce a generalization of the t-distribution function with four free parameters and show that it converges to the normal distribu...

A general parametric framework based on the generalized Student t distribution is developed for pricing S&P500 options. Higher order moments in stock returns as well as time-varying volatility are priced. An important computational advantage of the proposed framework over Monte Carlo-based pricing methods is that options can be priced using one-dimensional quadrature integration. The empirical ...

Analytic formulas are developed for various types of power and error rates of some closed testing procedures. The formulas involve non-convex regions that may be integrated with high, pre-specified accuracy using available software. The non-convex regions are represented as a union of hyper-rectangles. These regions are transformed to the unit hypercube, then summed, to create an expression for...