target coverage is one of the important problems in visual sensor networks. the coverage should be accompanied with an efficient use of energy in order to increase the network lifetime. in this paper, we address the maximum lifetime for visual sensor networks (mlv) problem by maximizing the network lifetime while covering all the targets. for this purpose, we develop a simulated annealing (sa) ...

background: polysaccharides have long been used as immune-modulators in various pathologic conditions including inflammation and solid malignancies. objective: to evaluate the effects of zymosan and betaglucan on cytotoxic reactions in an effectortarget conjugate system. methods: blood was obtained from 20 healthy subjects; purified mononuclear leukocytes (monocytes and lymphocytes) were extrac...

The classical bivariate F distribution arises from ratios of chi-squared random variables with common denominators. A consequent disadvantage is that its univariate F marginal distributions have one degree of freedom parameter in common. In this paper, we add a further independent chisquared random variable to the denominator of one of the ratios and explore the extended bivariate F distributio...

We propose a winner-takes-all (WTA) classifier for structures represented by graphs. WTA classification follows the principle elimination of competition. The input structure is assigned to the class corresponding to the winner of the competition. In experiments we investigate the performance of the WTA classifier and compare it with the canonical maximum similarity (MS) classifier.

The Pearson-Fisher chi-squared test can be used to evaluate the goodnessof-fit of categorized continuous data with known bin endpoints compared to a continuous distribution, in the presence of unknown (nuisance) distribution parameters. Rayner and McAlevey [11] and Rayner and Best [9],[10] demonstrate that in this case, component tests of the Pearson-Fisher chi-squared test statistic can be obt...

This article examines the adjustment of normal theory methods for the analysis of covariance structures to make them applicable under the class of elliptical distributions. It is shown that if the model satisfies a mild scale invariance condition and the data have an elliptical distribution, the asymptotic covariance matrix of sample covariances has a structure that results in the retention of ...

Article history: Received 22 May 2006 Received in revised form 4 July 2007 Accepted 6 July 2007 Available online 1 August 2007 This paper highlights how farmers' willingness to supply non-marketed ecosystem services (ES) is influenced by whether or not the non-marketed ES are produced jointly with agricultural products. When marketed products and non-marketed ES share some production inputs the...

Investigated in the setting of phase II clinical trials is the two-sample binomial problem of testing H0: pe = pc H1: pe > pc, where pe and pc are the unknown target population response rates for the experimental and control groups, respectively, using the usual Z-statistic with pooled variance estimator. The cornerstones that make this paper unique are as follows. First, the emphasis is on det...

We have discussed how to handle this test when σ is known. But how should we proceed if it is unknown? One option is the GLRT, discussed above. However, (a) we must estimate μ and (b) Wilk’s theorem only tells us that the test statistic corresponding to maximum likelihood estimates of σ and μ is asymptotically chi-squared. For small n, then, it can be difficult to set a threshold to achieve a d...