Radiotherapy is a localised treatment. The definition of tumour and target volumes for radiotherapy is vital to its successful execution. This requires the best possible characterisation of the location and extent of tumour. Diagnostic imaging, including help and advice from diagnostic specialists, is therefore essential for radiotherapy planning. There are three main volumes in radiotherapy pl...

background: fluoride-18 is the most widely used radioisotope for positron emission tomography (pet). [18f] 2-flouro- 2-deoxy d-glucose (fdg) has become a standard tool in the area of clinical research. the oxygen-18 enriched water is the most widely used target for the production of fluoride-18. the use of the nuclear reaction 18o (p,n)18f has been found as the most effective method for the pro...

objective(s): erythropoietin (epo), is a 34kda glycoprotein hormone, which belongs to type 1 cytokine superfamily. epo involves in erythrocyte maturation through inhibition of apoptosis in erythroid cells. besides its main function, protective effects of epo in heart and brain tissues have been reported. epo has a critical role in development, growth, and homeostasis of brain. furthermore epo h...

BACKGROUND To dosimetrically evaluate the effect of reduced margin radiotherapy on hippocampal dose for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients. METHODS GBM patients enrolled on the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0825 trial at our institution were identified. Standard RTOG 0825 expansions were 2 cm + 3-5 mm from the gross tumor volume (GTV) to the clinical tumor volume (CTV) and from ...

the studies in aerial vehicles modeling and control have been increased rapidly recently. in this paper , a coordination of two types of heterogeneous robots , namely unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) and unmanned ground vehicle (ugv) is considered. in this paper the uav plays the role of a virtual leader for the ugvs. the system consists of a vision- based target detection algorithm that uses the ...

an enhanced displacement feedback structural control procedure is presented for performance-based design in this paper. at first, a comparative study is implemented assessing three most common active control algorithms including state, acceleration, and displacement feedback controls. the advantage of the displacement feedback algorithm for active control of structures against earthquakes is de...