When it comes to language teaching in general education Vietnam, there are many challenges for teachers overcome. Such as time constraints, examination wash-back effects, students’ demotivation and individualization causes of learning. Various innovative methods approaches have been applied address these concerns, such task-based learning flipped classrooms (FCs). However, each mode has its adv...

Abstract This paper argues that TBLT researchers should dedicate more effort to investigating the cognitive processes in which L2 learners engage during task work facilitate theory-construction and inform pedagogical practices. To help achieve this, a review follows of various subjective (questionnaires, interviews, think-aloud/stimulated recall protocols) objective (dual-task methodology, keys...