BACKGROUND Chronic sleep fragmentation (SF) increases cancer aggressiveness in mice. Exosomes exhibit pleiotropic biological functions, including immune regulatory functions, antigen presentation, intracellular communication and inter-cellular transfer of RNA and proteins. We hypothesized that SF-induced alterations in biosynthesis and cargo of plasma exosomes may affect tumor cell properties. ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Adult idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a chronic acquired organ-specific autoimmune hemorrhagic disease characterized by the production of antibodies against antigens on the membranes of platelet, resulting in enhanced Fc-mediated destruction of the platelets by macrophages in the reticuloendothelial system. Dysfunctional cellular immunity is considered imp...

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) naturally exist as components of protein complexes containing nontoxic proteins. The nontoxic proteins impart stability of BoNTs in the gastrointestinal tract and during purification and handling. The two primary neurotoxin complexes (TCs) are (i) TC1, consisting of BoNT, nontoxin-nonhemagglutinin (NTNH), and hemagglutinins (HAs), and (ii) TC2, consisting of BoNT a...

It is well known that idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an acquired organ-specific autoimmune hemorrhagic disease and dysfunctional cellular immunity is considered important in the pathophysiology of ITP, however, polarization and apoptosis profiles of T lymphocytes remain unclear completely. In this paper, we investigated the polarization of T cell subsets, the expressions of apopto...

The STAFF-DWP wave instrument on board the equatorial spacecraft (TC1) of the Double Star Project consists of a combination of 2 instruments which are a heritage of the Cluster mission: the Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Field Fluctuations (STAFF) experiment and the Digital Wave-Processing experiment (DWP). On DSP-TC1 STAFF consists of a three-axis search coil magnetometer, used to measure magneti...

Despite the lack of direct evidence that immune surveillance cells protect against tumor development, indirect clinical observations and experimental studies indicate activity in the immune response against cancer cells of various origin. Little is known about the effects of the stromal tumor mast cell (MC) in the activity of immune cells, i.e. CD4+CD25+Foxp³+ regulatory T cells, Th17 lymphocyt...

BACKGROUND Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) resulting from exposure to low molecular weight chemicals is a common clinical condition in industrialized countries and can be mediated by either Th1 or Tc1 lymphocytes. The animal model of contact sensitivity (CS) is commonly used to study ACD in mice and helps to test new therapeutics. We have previously shown that epicutaneous (EC) immunization w...

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) as the predominant complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains to be fully understood. It is known that the cytokines produced by allogeneic reactive effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are involved in GVHD. However, the regulation and coordination of IFN-γ-producing and IL-17-producing effector T cells remain unclear. The present study...