Avulsions or distal transections of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon are typically repaired by direct suture of the tendon stump to the distal phalanx. The optimal repair technique to withstand in vivo rehabilitation forces is unknown. Our objective was to determine the time-zero tensile mechanical properties of 4-strand tendon-bone repair site constructs performed with 3-0 and 4-0 sutures...

INTRODUCTION: Flexor tendon injuries remain a contentious issue in hand surgery as reflected in the multitude of differing techniques. A significant proportion of tendon transections are oblique and they are typically managed in a similar fashion to straight transections, using a multi-strand technique. In our practice, we have observed that there is significant bunching at the repair sites whe...

Tendon unloading following rupture of one of the rotator cuff tendons can induce alterations in muscle physiology and tendon structure, which can subsequently affect reparability and healing potential. Yet little is known about the effects of muscle and tendon unloading on the molecular response of the rotator cuff. We determined the effect of mechanical unloading on gene expression and morphol...

INTRODUCTION: A tendon graft is indicated when a flexor tendon repair fails, or when tendon rupture or tendon transfer requires prolongation of the muscle-tendon unit. The effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) on flexor tendon repair has been investigated in many animal and clinical studies. Exogenously applied HA may prevent adhesion formation between the flexor tendon and surrounding tissue followin...

BACKGROUND Common peroneal nerve palsy leading to foot drop is difficult to manage and has historically been treated with extended bracing with expectant waiting for return of nerve function. Peroneal nerve exploration has traditionally been avoided except in cases of known traumatic or iatrogenic injury, with tendon transfers being performed in a delayed fashion after exhausting conservative t...

Patellar tendon rupture is a rare, but major event that often requires surgical repair in order to reestablish function of the extensor mechanism of the knee. Rupture of the tendon usually occurs in the 3rd or 4th decade of life and results from slip and fall accidents, or powerful contraction of the quadriceps such as during sporting events or weight lifting [1-3]. Anterior Cruciate Ligament (...

BACKGROUND Scaffolds continue to be developed and used for rotator cuff repair augmentation; however, the appropriate scaffold material properties and/or surgical application techniques for achieving optimal biomechanical performance remains unknown. The objectives of the study were to simulate a previously validated spring-network model for clinically relevant scenarios to predict: (1) the man...

BACKGROUND Tendon-repair techniques have evolved to increase the construct strength of the repair site in order to permit early active range of motion without tendon gap or rupture. The present study evaluated the hypothesis that the injection of botulinum neurotoxin type-A (BoNT-A) into the gastrocnemius muscle will reduce the active force production of that muscle below the force required to ...

First immunohistochemical evidence of human tendon repair following stem cell injection: A case report and review literature