BACKGROUND Most of the androgen replacement therapies were based on serum testosterone and without measurements of total androgen activities. Whether those with low testosterone also have low levels of androgen activity is largely unknown. We hence examined the association between testosterone and androstanediol glucuronide (AG), a reliable measure of androgen activity, in a nationally represen...

BACKGROUND Hypertension and increased blood glucose are associated with subclinical kidney damage, atherosclerosis and with low testosterone values. Low testosterone in men is often accompanied by increased levels of estradiol. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS In this study, the association between estradiol, subclinical kidney damage and atherosclerosis in African and white men in a South African coho...

Increasing evidence has demonstrated striking sex differences in the outcome of neurological injury. Whereas estrogens contribute to these differences by attenuating neurotoxicity and ischemia-reperfusion injury, the effects of testosterone are unclear. The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of testosterone on neuronal injury in both a cell-culture model and a rodent ischemia...

OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and etiology of erectile dysfunction in Saudi type 2 diabetic patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS 429 Saudi type 2 diabetic male patients aged more than 30 years were recruited. Total and bio-available serum testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin and free testosterone levels were measured by ELISA-IBL GMBH Germany. RESULTS 47 (12...

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) is the major serum carrier of sex hormones. However, growing evidence suggests that SHBG is internalised and plays a role in regulating intracellular hormone action. This study was to determine whether SHBG plays a role in testosterone uptake, metabolism, and action in the androgen sensitive LNCaP prostate cancer cell line. Internalisation of SHBG and testost...

Low levels of testosterone are related with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Testosterone levels are considered to be negatively correlated with insulin resistance and HbA1c levels. There are also reports that testosterone replacement therapy reduces insulin resistance or improves glycemic control. Transdermal administration of testosterone ointment (Glowmin) is a method of drug...

An enzyme that conjugates the 17beta-hydroxyl group of testosterone was found in the cytosol fraction of human liver. The same enzyme preparation also conjugates the 16alpha-hydroxyl group of oestriol. The enzymic activity could not be sedimented by centrifuging the cytosol fraction at 158000g(av.) for 120min. The testosterone-conjugating as well as the oestriol-conjugating activities were foun...

Testosterone has recently been proposed as a link between male quality and health and the expression of sexual traits. We investigated the relationship between testosterone and measures of the individual condition and health of males in a natural population of house finches (Carpodacus mexicanus). We also conducted a captive experiment in order to test for the effects of testosterone on resista...

BACKGROUND Testosterone deficiency, a treatable condition commonly seen in aging men, has been linked to Parkinson disease (PD) and Alzheimer disease (AD). In normal subjects, low testosterone levels are associated with cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms, yet the relationship between testosterone levels and cognitive function in PD and AD remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the relatio...

BACKGROUND Some previous research has suggested that testosterone prenatally contributes to gender differences in autistic traits, but little is known about the role of testosterone during early postnatal development (mini-puberty). Two prior studies found no sex difference in testosterone postnatally in saliva samples and detected little to no relationship between testosterone postnatally and ...