BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to advance a checklist of evaluative criteria designed to assess patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures' developmental measurement properties and applicability, which can be used by systematic reviewers, researchers, and clinicians with a varied range of expertise in psychometric measure development methodology. METHODS A directed literature search wa...

Introduction. Over decades, the profession-oriented foreign language textbook has been in focus of researchers’ attention. In this regard, we carried out research to evaluate effectiveness implementation a previously elaborated concept textbook, which was based on competency approach, taking example author’s textbooks and using procedures assessment self-assessment. Materials methods. Instructo...

This paper provides an overview of current thinking about the use of scientific findings in policy making about environmental issues. As Funtowicz and Ravetz [14] have pointed out, issues of global environmental change differ from “traditional scientific problems”, because they are global in scale and have long-term impacts, data are generally inadequate and the phenomena are complex and not we...