Abstract This article is based on a bibliographical data set of over 2,600 history textbooks from the post-1945 Soviet Union and eleven out its fifteen successor states, including books international, national, regional or local history. Among these, it analyzes illustrations used in 450 that cover period Second World War. Arguing against reduction history-related visuals to “narrative,” this s...

During the 100 years from 1850 to 1949, six English textbooks on internal medicine were translated into Chinese and published. Publication of these books was a response to the increased demand for Chinese textbooks after the opening of several Western-style hospitals and medical schools in China where the instruction was in Chinese. Throughout this period, textbooks translated from English were...

The sharable content object reference model (SCORM) includes a representation of distance learning contents and a behavior definition of how users should interact with the contents. Generally, SCORMcompliant systems were based on multimedia and Web technologies on PCs. We further build a pervasive learning environment, which allows users to read SCORM-compliant textbooks with multimodal learnin...