Background Wound healing is an essential physiological process in recovery after microsurgery. Objectives To further understand the functions of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), roles this were examined and its correlations with inflammation, vascular endothelial A (VEGFA) ERK1/2 signaling pathway activation analyzed. Material methods Rat brain microvascular cells (RBMECs) treated interleuk...

Extracellular recombinant proteins are commonly produced using HEK293 cells as histidine-tagged proteins facilitating purification by immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). Based on gel analyses, this one-step purification typically produces proteins of high purity. Here, we analyzed the presence of TGF-β1 in such IMAC purifications using recombinant extracellular fibrillin-1 fragmen...

OBJECTIVES Liver cirrhosis is a condition in which the liver slowly deteriorates and malfunctions due to chronic injury. HCV is one of the major causes of liver fibrosis and ultimate progression to cirrhosis. Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1), one of the three isoforms of TGF-β, is a pleiotrophic cytokine that regulates the proliferation and differentiation of cells, embryonic developme...

background: regulatory t cells have been suggested to have a protective role against acute rejection in allograft recipients. however, there is little information available about their contribution to chronic rejection process. the role of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (tgf- β1) as a profibrogenic and/or immunoregulatory cytokine in renal allografts is also controversial. objectives: to eva...

PURPOSE Exosomes isolated from the plasma of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients have elevated protein and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) contents and inhibit natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity (Haematologica 96, p. 1302, 2011). A potential role of exosomes in predicting responses to chemotherapy (CT) was evaluated in AML patients undergoing treatment. EXPERIM...

The formation of a non-covalent complex between mature transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and its pro region, the β1-latency-associated peptide (β1-LAP), is important in regulating the activity of this multipotent growth factor. We have overexpressed simian β1-LAP in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells to produce a cell line which secretes β1-LAP into the culture medium at " 1 mg}l, thus enab...

HCV replication disrupts normal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function and activates a signaling network called the unfolded protein response (UPR). UPR is directed by three ER transmembrane proteins including ATF6, IRE1, and PERK. HCV increases TGF-β1 and oxidative stress, which play important roles in liver fibrogenesis. HCV has been shown to induce TGF-β1 through the generation of reactive oxyg...

RNA-binding protein HuR mediates transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced profibrogenic actions. Up-regulation of Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) is involved in TGF-β1-induced activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in liver fibrogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism of TGF-β1 regulates SphK1 remains unclear. This study was designed to investigate the role of HuR in TGF-β1-induced SphK1...

The aim of this study was to characterise the mechanism of TGF-β1 mediated alteration of renal proximal tubular cell phenotype. TGF-β1 altered cell phenotype with cells appearing elongated and spindle shaped. This was associated with loss of cell-cell contact and rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton, increased formation of stress fibres and focal adhesions. Addition of the tyrosine phosphata...