Background : Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of airway that often determined with degrees of inflammation, hypersensitivity, bronchial constriction and airway changes. Th1, Th2 and Th17 cells are the main cells involved in the pathophysiology of asthma. . Therefore, this study evaluated Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells functions by assessment the expression of INF-g, IL-4, and IL-17 g...

Introduction Th17 cells are known to be crucial mediators of autoimmune inflammation. However, two distinct types of Th17 cells have recently been described, which differed in their ability to coproduce IL-10 or IFN-g due to differential polarizations requirements for IL-1b. Whether these distinct Th17 phenotypes translate into distinct Th17 cell functions and whether this has implications for ...

IL-17-producing CD4 T cells (Th17 cells) are understood to be a distinct lineage of CD4 T helper (Th) cells, which play an important role in the host defense, tissue inflammation and autoimmunity. The identification of Th17 cells collapsed the concept of the previously held Th1/Th2 paradigm in infection and autoimmunity. Recent studies have provided new information on the role of Th17 cells in ...

Inflammation of the upper respiratory tract in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) may contribute to lower airways’ inflammation. T-helper 17 (Th17) cells and related cytokines are also involved immunological mechanism AR along classical Th2 cells. It is hypothesized that upon pressure, inflammatory response lungs lead Th17-induced neutrophilic However, findings for interleukin-17 (IL-17) bidi...

Aim of the study has been to understand the relationship between TH17 and Treg cell subsets in patients affected with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Phenotypes and functions of Th17 and Treg cell subsets were analyzed in a series of 36 SSc patients. Th17 cell concentration in the peripheral blood was found to be increased in SSc patients with respect to healthy controls independently from type or st...

Th17 cells accrue in the intestine in response to particular microbes. In rodents, segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) induce intestinal Th17 cells, but analogously functioning microbes in humans remain undefined. Here, we identified human symbiont bacterial species, in particular Bifidobacterium adolescentis, that could, alone, induce Th17 cells in the murine intestine. Similar to SFB, B. ado...

We report that like other T cells cultured in the presence of transforming growth factor (TGF) beta, Th17 cells also produce interleukin (IL) 9. Th17 cells generated in vitro with IL-6 and TGF-beta as well as purified ex vivo Th17 cells both produced IL-9. To determine if IL-9 has functional consequences in Th17-mediated inflammatory disease, we evaluated the role of IL-9 in the development and...

Cholera toxin (CT) is a potent vaccine adjuvant, which promotes mucosal immunity to protein antigen given by nasal route. It has been suggested that CT promotes T helper type 2 (Th2) response and suppresses Th1 response. We here report the induction of Th17-dominated responses in mice by intranasal delivery of CT. This dramatic Th17-driving effect of CT, which was dependent on the B subunit, wa...

Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease mediated by Th17 and/or Th1 cells. Tim-3 is a cell surface molecule preferentially expressed on Th17 and Th1 cells. The interaction of Tim-3 with Tim-3 ligand inhibits cytokine production. To assess whether T cells in psoriasis have functional abnormalities, expression of cell surface Tim-3 on blood T cells producing interleukin-17 (Th17/Tc17 cells) or interf...