background: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and cytokines may play a role in the development of ms lesions. objective: to determine levels of different cytokines in patients with relapsing-remitting ms (rr-ms) compared to healthy controls. methods: profiles of pro-inflammatory, th1-, th2-, and th17-related cytokines were compared by quantitative ...

The complex relationship between Th1 and Th17 cells is incompletely understood. The transcription factor T-bet is best known as the master regulator of Th1 lineage commitment. However, attention is now focused on the repression of alternate T cell subsets mediated by T-bet, particularly the Th17 lineage. It has recently been suggested that pathogenic Th17 cells express T-bet and are dependent o...

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological tumor in which progress T helper (Th) subsets including Th22, Th17, and Th1 cells play a pivotal role. However, the role of T helper (Th) subsets in the immune pathogenesis of AML remains unclear. Here, we investigated frequencies of Th22, Th17, pure Th17, and Th1 cells in the peripheral blood (PB) of AML patients. We demonstrated that Th22, Th17,...

Clonorchiasis, caused by the liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis, is a chronic parasitic infection regulated by T cell subsets. An imbalance of CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+regulatory T (Treg) and interleukin (IL)-17-secreting T cells (Th17) may control inflammation and play an important role in the pathogenesis of immune evasion. In the present study, we assessed the dynamics of Treg/Th17 and determined whethe...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a type I IFN (IFN-I)-driven autoimmune disorder with exaggerated B and Th cell responses. Th17 cells, a recently identified Th cell subset, have been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of SLE. Because IFN-I suppresses the generation and expansion of Th17 cells in an IL-27-dependent manner, it is unclear how pathogenic Th17 cells are generated in SLE in...

Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is a hematologic disease characterized by peripheral pancytopenia with bone marrow failure. Fatal bacterial or invasive fungal infections are the most frequent cause of mortality in SAA. Th17 cells are a recently discovered CD4+ T-helper subset that secrete cytokines such as interleukin 17A (IL-17A) and subsequently provide protective immunity against infections and...

T helper 17 (TH17) cells represent a discrete TH cell subset instrumental in the immune response to extracellular bacteria and fungi. However, TH17 cells are considered to be detrimentally involved in autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS). In contrast to TH17 cells, regulatory T (Treg) cells were shown to be pivotal in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance. Thus, the balance betwee...

Interleukin (IL)-17-producing T helper (Th)-17 cells have recently been explained as a distinct population of CD4+ T cells which play an important role in immunity against infectious agents. Establishment of persistent phenotype of Th17 cells and recognition of lineage-deviating factors are of most attractive goals in modern researches in immunology. Although IL-6 and TGF-β are frequently used ...

BACKGROUND Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune heterogeneous disorder that is characterized by decreased platelet count. Regulatory T (Treg) cells and T helper type 17 (Th17) cells are two subtypes of CD4(+) T helper (Th) cells. They play opposite roles in immune tolerance and autoimmune diseases, while they share a common differentiation pathway. The imbalance of Treg/Th17 h...

Th17 and regulatory T (Treg) cells are integral in maintaining immune homeostasis and Th17-Treg imbalance is associated with inflammatory immunosuppression in cancer. Here we show that Th17 cells are a source of tumour-induced Foxp3+ cells. In addition to natural (n)Treg and induced (i)Treg cells that develop from naive precursors, suppressive IL-17A+Foxp3+ and ex-Th17 Foxp3+ cells are converte...