We propose the concept of three-dimensional (3D) microwell arrays for cell culture applications and highlight the importance of oxygen diffusion through pores in all three dimensions to enhance cell viability.

Background: The aim of the present study was to develop a three-dimensional (3D) collagen gel culture system for the in vitro growth and survival of buffalo preantral follicles with or without growth factors. Materials and Methods: Buffalo ovaries were collected from a local abattoir and preantral follicles were isolated through microdissection. Isolated preantral follicles were put either in c...

BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are useful for cell therapy because of their potential for multilineage differentiation. However, MSCs that are expanded in traditional two-dimensional (2D) culture systems eventually lose their differentiation abilities. Therefore, we investigated whether azacitidine (AZA) supplementation and three-dimensional culture (3D) could improve the different...

There has been much recent interest in working with cells cultured in three-dimensional (3D) matrices to better model the properties of the extracellular matrix environment found in vivo. However, working within 3D matrices adds several difficulties to experiments that have become routine in two-dimensional (2D) culture systems. Biochemical approaches are made difficult by the presence of milli...

In vivo cells form three-dimensional (3D) microenvironments through cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions to create complex tissues and perform higher level functions. Biochemical signals and nutrient gradients are essential for tissue functioning and therefore also physiological cell behavior. Conventional two-dimensional cell culture does not provide such a complex microenvironment and conse...

Objective: Detection and evaluation of adrenal glands are complex problems in conventional ultrasonography in dogs. Using three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography (US) in adrenal gland volume evaluation can add new potential for further adrenal studies. Design: Descriptive study Animals: a total of 10 mix breed dogs Procedures: The dogs underwent two dimensional (2D) and 3D US of the adrenal g...

The quality of neuronal differentiation and reduction in apoptosis that occurred in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture conditions is compared. PC12 and embryonic stem cells are two commonly utilized cell lines for the study of neuronal regeneration. These cells were induced to neuronally differentiate by adding NGF and retinoic acid respectively. Total neurite length and ex...

Whole organ culture of the spiral ganglion region is a resourceful model system facilitating manipulation and analysis of live sprial ganglion neurons (SGNs). Three-dimensional (3D) cultures have been demonstrated to have many biomedical applications, but the effect of 3D culture in maintaining the SGNs structure and function in explant culture remains uninvestigated. In this study, we used the...