The fine dissection of nerves and blood vessels in the tarsal tunnel is necessary for clinical operations to provide anatomical information. A total of 60 feet from 30 cadavers were dissected. Two imaginary reference lines that passed through the tip of the medial malleolus were applied. A detailed description of the branch pattern and the corresponding position of the posterior tibial nerve, p...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological results of 2 different tibial fixations performed using bioabsorbable screws with added hydroxyapatite (HA) and pure poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) screws in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. METHODS A total of 394 patients who underwent arthroscopic ACL reconstruction between March 2009 and June 2012 ...

BACKGROUND High tension in an anterior cruciate ligament graft adversely affects both the graft and the knee; however, it is unknown why high graft tension in flexion occurs in association with a posterior femoral tunnel. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of the angle of the femoral and tibial tunnels in the coronal plane and incremental excision of the posterior cruc...

This study was designed to serially analyze the magnetic resonance (MR) appearance of patella tendon grafts during the first year of implantation, and to determine if the sagittal location of the tibial tunnel affects the MR appearance of the graft. An additional goal was to analyze the effect of the sagittal placement of the tibial tunnel placement on knee extension and stability. Two groups w...

BACKGROUND The current standard for treating complete tears of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is reconstruction, which requires reaming a tibial tunnel. Based on recent anatomic and biomechanical studies, this reconstruction tunnel may cause injuries to the anterior meniscal root attachments. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS The purpose was to determine if injuries occurred to the anteromedial (AM) a...

BACKGROUND This article describes an arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction technique with a quadriceps tendon autograft using an anteromedial portal technique. METHODS A 5 cm quadriceps tendon graft is harvested with an adjacent 2 cm bone block. The femoral tunnel is created through a low anteromedial portal in its anatomical position. The tibial tunnel is created with ...

BACKGROUND Remnant preservation may confer important advantages in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-reconstructed knee. However, the presence of a large remnant may obscure visualization and impair the ability to correctly place tunnels during surgery. PURPOSE To determine whether tunnel placement during anatomic ACL reconstruction using the single anteromedial bundle biological augmentat...

OBJECTIVES Our aim was to assess the use of intra-operative fluoroscopy in the assessment of the position of the tibial tunnel during reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). METHODS Between January and June 2009 a total of 31 arthroscopic hamstring ACL reconstructions were performed. Intra-operative fluoroscopy was introduced (when available) to verify the position of the guid...

Primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is considered a successful surgical procedure, but the results reported for revision ACL surgery are less satisfactory. The most common cause of technical failure in primary reconstruction is tunnel misplacement, particularly on the femoral side, although an anterior placement of the tibial tunnel may lead to graft impingement and failure....

BACKGROUND Accurate and precise tunnel placement is critical to the success of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. A new development, computer-assisted surgery, aids in placement of the ACL bone tunnels during surgery. Our hypothesis was that computer-assisted ACL reconstruction would allow more accurate and precise tunnel placement compared with conventional surgery. METHODS In ...