Only those who have gone too far know where the limits should have been Money served throughout history as a medium of exchange and as a storehouse of value. But when gold and silver coins were replaced by paper currencies, money no longer was the same. Paper money, no longer having intrinsic value, now functions only as a medium of exchange, a function that degrades over time. The value of pap...

Article history: Received October 2, 2012 Received in Revised Format January 23, 2013 Accepted February 15, 2013 Available online February 18 2013 This paper presents a strategic multi segment, multi period and multi-product supply chain management to meet reliable networks for handling disruptions strike. We present a mixedinteger programming model whose objective is to minimize the expected c...

In this paper we examine the large shocks due to major economic or financial events that affected U.S. macroeconomic time series on the period 1860–1988, using outlier methodology. We show that these shocks can have temporary or permanent effects on the series and that most of them can be explained by the Great Depression, World War II and recessions as well as by monetary policy for the intere...

A product development system (PDS) is based on two pillars: "do the thing right" and "do the right thing". While the former leads to operational efficiency and waste reduction, the latter guarantees the fulfillment of all stakeholders needs. On this context, Toyota's PDS has a superior performance. The lack of formalization of the Toyota PDS system, though, makes it difficult to replicate. Rese...

The titular question is investigated for fairly general semimartingale investment and asset price processes. A discrete-time consideration suggests a stochastic differential equation and an integral expression for the time value in the continuous-time framework. It is shown that the two are equivalent if the jump part of the price process converges. The integral expression, which is the answer ...

In this paper, we compare the portfolio allocation model of multifractal detrended Fluctuation approach with the modern efficient frontier model and the asset allocation model from Chinese institution fund, the risk-return performance of the multifractal detrended Fluctuation turns out to be more optimal portfolio allocation than that from Chinese institution fund and the conclusions have impli...

The main objective in the time cost trade-off problems has always been the reduction in the total cost. In the previous researches the total cost function has been defined 3 * corresponding author e-Mail: [email protected]

Byzantine chants constitute a form of monophonic vocal music characterized by lengthy phrases and by musical scales with intervals smaller than the western music semitones. Byzantine churches have extremely long Reverberation Time and their acoustics is dominated by the contributions of the diffuse sound field. Thus, the sound character of Byzantine chanting is closely linked to the acoustic re...