Brain edema is suggested to be the principal mechanism underlying the symptoms in acute hyponatremia. Identification of the mechanisms responsible for global and regional cerebral water homeostasis during hyponatremia is, therefore, of utmost importance. To examine the osmotic behavior of different brain regions and muscles, in vivo-determined water content (WC) was related to plasma sodium con...

to improve bread wheat salt tolerance, new genetic sources of salt tolerance are indispensable, and this requires a screening of wheat germplasm. in order to evaluate bread wheat germplasm, 34 accessions including; hexaploid wheats (aabbdd), tetraploid (aabb) and wild relative diploids (dd and aa genome) collected from different regions of iran were evaluated under normal vs. salinity stress (n...

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of water chilling (WC), air chilling (AC), and evaporative air chilling (EAC) on the moisture content, processing yield, surface color, and visual appearance of broiler carcasses. For the WC treatment, 1 group of birds was hard scalded and submersed into ice slush, whereas for AC, 1 group of birds was soft scalded and exposed to blowing air (1...

(a) because of the variable level of fat suppression. Both 3DPR-SSFP with WC-SSFP (b) and IDEAL 3DPR-SSFP (c) provide a more consistent level of fat suppression allowing for better delineation of fine fibroglandular structure. IDEAL 3DPR-SSFP (c) also resolves fat-water swap due to B0 inhomogeneity in superior region of the breast. Red arrows: Note tiny gap in fibroglandular tissue in WC SSFP (...

Three poultry chilling methods, namely, water chilling (WC), air chilling (AC), and evaporative air chilling (EAC), were compared to evaluate their effects on broiler breast meat quality and consumer sensory characteristics. A total of 189 birds were processed with 1 of the 3 chilling methods. One-third of the birds were hard scalded (57.7°C, 120 s) and subjected to WC (an ice slurry immersion ...

Thermally sprayed cermet coatings are adequate solutions to improve cavitation and wear resistance of hydraulic turbines made stainless steel (SS), especially in rivers with a high sediment load, such as the Madeira River Brazil. However, some cermets easily dissolved river water, leading premature failure coating costly maintenance. Moreover, galvanic corrosion induced by coupling SS can accel...

The potential for lettuce field-coring harvesting knives to cross-contaminate lettuce heads with pathogens was evaluated. Rings and blades of the harvest knives artificially contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EHEC), were used to core three successive heads of iceberg lettuce. The coring rings and blades were inoculated by dipping into soils containing EHEC at concentration ranges of 1-...

The terahertz (THz) spectra of rapeseed leaves with different water content (WC) were investigated. The transmission and absorption spectra in the range of 0.3-2 THz were measured by using THz time-domain spectroscopy. The mean transmittance and absorption coefficients were applied to analyze the change regulation of WC. In addition, the Savitzky-Golay method was performed to preprocess the spe...

In the literature, frost hardiness (FH) studies in trees have often been restricted to one organ (buds, leaves, needles or twigs). To extend our knowledge and gain a unified view, FH differences between organs and tissues or throughout the life of the tree have to be characterized in relation to physiological changes. In this study, different organs and tissues of young potted and mature orchar...

BACKGROUND In epidemiological studies, measures of body fat generally are obtained through anthropometric indices such as the body mass index (BMI), waist (WC), and hip circumferences (HC). Such indices, however, can only provide estimates of a person's true body fat content, overall or by adipose compartment, and may have limited accuracy, especially for the visceral adipose compartment (VAT)....