Biotrickling filters for air pollution control are expected to encounter fluctuating conditions or periods without pollutant supply. In the present study, we investigated the effect of pollutant starvation in bench-scale biotrickling filters treating toluene. The experimental protocol consisted of starving biotrickling filters under various conditions: with or without airflow, with or without l...

The recyclability of water-soluble ruthenium – phosphine complex catalysts was investigated in water – toluene and in water – pressurized carbon dioxide systems for selective hydrogenation of trans-cinnamaldehyde (CAL). For the first hydrogenation run, the selectivity for cinnamyl alcohol (COL) is high for both toluene and dense CO2, because of interfacial catalysis in which the reaction mainly...

The effects of toluene on lipid peroxidation and rates of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation have been studied in isolated systems and in vivo. The induction of reactive oxygen species was assayed using the probe 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA). Toluene exposure (1 g/kg, 1 hr, i.p.) did not stimulate cortical lipid peroxidation as evaluated by measurement of conjugated dienes....

The levels of hippuric acid in the urine of people exposed to toluene vapour were measured by paper chromatography, direct colorimetry, high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. The control was a similar group not exposed to toluene vapour. The values were analyzed statistically, conversion equations calculated, and the propriety of these equation discussed. Since the three...

BACKGROUND Toluene, formerly known as toluol, is an aromatic hydrocarbon that is widely used as an industrial feedstock and as a solvent. Like other solvents, toluene is sometimes also used as an inhalant drug for its intoxicating properties. It has potential to cause multiple effects in the body including death. CASE REPORT I report a case of a 27-year-old male, chronic spray paint sniffer, ...

Toluene and other aromatics have long been viewed as the dominant anthropogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) precursors, but the SOA mass yields from toluene reported in previous studies vary widely. Experiments conducted in the Carnegie Mellon University environmental chamber to study SOA formation from the photooxidation of toluene show significantly larger SOA production than parameteriza...

Denitrification was studied in a batch culture, using different concentrations acetate (95 and 140 ppm), benzene (25 and 35 ppm) and toluene (25 and 40 ppm). In the assays with acetate the substrate consumption efficiency (Efs) of N-NO3 and C-acetate was superior to 92%. The yield (YP/S) in the N2formation was 0.99. Contrary to this, when benzene was used the denitrification was not carried out...

A simple biodegradation system consisting of an air stripping tank and a bioreactor was proposed for the treatment of volatile organic chemicals in wastewater. Toluene was used as a model of volatile organic chemicals. An aqueous solution of toluene and a basic mineral medium were placed in the air stripping tank and bioreactor, respectively. Toluene was stripped by supplying compressed air int...

Pseudomonas putida strains are generally recognized as solvent tolerant, exhibiting varied sensitivity to organic solvents. Pan-genome analysis has revealed that 30% of genes belong to the core-genome of Pseudomonas. Accessory and unique genes confer high degree of adaptability and capabilities for the degradation and synthesis of a wide range of chemicals. For the use of these microbes in bior...

Membrane bioreactors are gaining interest for the control of contaminated air streams. In this study, the removal of toluene and n-hexane vapours in a hollow fibre membrane bioreactor (HFMB) was investigated. The focus was on quantifying the possible interactions occurring during the simultaneous biotreatment of the two volatile pollutants. Two lab-scale units fitted with microporous polypropyl...