BACKGROUND Maternal urinary biomarkers are often used to assess fetal exposure to phenols and their precursors. Their effectiveness as a measure of exposure in epidemiological studies depends on their variability during pregnancy and their ability to accurately predict fetal exposure. OBJECTIVES We assessed the relationship between urinary and amniotic fluid concentrations of nine environment...

are certain that a number of synthetic chemicals act like hormones (e.g. estrogen) and interact with the human hormone system. Scientists also agree that the magnitude of the problem (including human exposure) is uncertain. Therefore, the analysis of phenols in natural wastewater and soils is of prime importance to environmental organizations due to their frequent occurrence in a wide range of ...

ABSTRACT The main goal was to optimize and establish the kinetics thermodynamics of extraction process. An investigation into effects ethanol concentration (0-100 %), liquid solid ratio (30-60 mL g-1), temperature (25-65 °C), time (40-200 min) on total phenols (TP) flavonoids (TF) from linden (Tilia cordata M.) flowers performed using single-factor experiments. Experimental results showed that ...