objectives: to describe the executive function of patients with traumatic injury admitted to rajaei hospital, shiraz, iran and to compare the executive function between normal individuals and those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd). methods: this was a case control study being performed during a 6-month period during spring and summer of 2013 in shiraz level i trauma center. ...

BACKGROUND The Towers of London (TOL) and Hanoi (TOH) have been viewed as equivalent measures of planning and/or problem solving, although recent evidence in adults suggests that the underlying measurement characteristics of these two tasks may differ. As tower tasks are one of the few instruments that can be used to assess executive functioning in young children, the cognitive demands for both...

The Tower of London (TOL) task is widely used as a neuropsychological test of planning. Relatively little is known of the cognitive components of the task, and in particular the role of memory in performance. The current studies on normal adults looked at the role of verbal and spatial working memory in the TOL. The effects of verbal and visuospatial dual-task manipulations on TOL performance w...

The relationship between executive function and comorbid diagnoses in ADHD children is examined. One hundred six children between 7 and 15 years of age are assessed using the Tower of London (TOL), a test of executive function, and the Kiddie Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, Present and Lifetime Version, a diagnostic interview. All children met the diagnostic criteria for ADHD...

The present research attempts to evaluate the dose-response relationship between acute resistance exercise and planning. Seventeen participants performed the Tower of London (TOL) in control condition and three different exercise intensity conditions (40%, 70%, and 100% 10-repetition maximal) in a counterbalanced order. The results revealed positive effects of an acute bout of resistance exerci...

The objective of this study was to redesign the Tower of Hanoi (TOH) in order to increase the reliability and explore the validity of the task. In order to achieve this goal, a two-phase process was undertaken. In Phase 1, the TOH item pool was enlarged from 12 items to 60 items, and the task was administered to a sample of college students (N = 81). The 22 most homogeneous items for the final ...

The purpose of this study is to extend the literature by examining the effects of an acute bout of moderate to vigorous intensity aerobic exercise on the executive functions of planning and problem solving assessed using a Tower of London Task (TOL Task). Forty-two participants were randomly assigned into either exercise or control group, and performed the TOL Task, before and immediately follo...

The present study investigated the relationship between age and one type of environmental factor, namely, type of school (i.e., private vs. public), and the development of mental planning ability, as measured by the Tower of London (TOL) test. Methods: Participants comprised 197 public and 174 private school students, ranging in age from 4 years and 9 months to 8 years and 6 months. Besides the...

The Tower of London (ToL) is a transformation task extensively used and well-established as a neuropsychological diagnostic tool for assessing human planning ability in clinical and research contexts. Behavioral experiments have recently shown that planning in the ToL is substantially influenced by structural task parameters. This work presents an ACT-R model of the ToL that explains structural...