BACKGROUND Cape Town has one of the highest TB burdens of any city in the world. In 1900 the City of Cape Town, New York City and London had high mortality of tuberculosis (TB). Throughout the 20th century contemporaneous public health measures including screening, diagnosis and treatment were implemented in all three settings. Mandatory notification of TB and vital status enabled comparison of...

The aim of this study was to characterize untrained Nandi boys (mean age 16.6 years) from a town (n = 11) and from a rural area (n = 19) in western Kenya (altitude approximately 2000 m.a.s.l.) in regard to their body dimensions, oxygen uptake and physical activity level. The town boys had a mean maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2 max)) of 50 (range: 45-60) mL kg(-1) min(-1), whereas the village boys r...

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 2 Centre for High Performance Computing, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Cape Town, South Africa, 3 Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study, Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 4 Center for Computational Imaging and Simulation Technologies in...

PURPOSE Although approximately one-third of agricultural equipment-related crashes occur near town, these crashes are thought to be a rural problem. This analysis examines differences between agricultural equipment-related crashes by their urban-rural distribution and distance from a town. METHODS Agricultural equipment crashes were collected from nine Midwest Departments of Transportation (2...

■ There are not enough “before and after” studies in the literature to be certain of impacts in different circumstances and over time, and particularly in terms of town centres. Better town centre and retail monitoring would deliver benchmarking for assessing impacts and changes. Literature review: policies adopted to support a healthy retail sector and retail led regeneration and the impact of...

Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa (P.S.F., B.R.) Division of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institute of Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland (H.G., H.S., A.J.) Synexa Life Sciences, Montague Gardens, Cape Town, South Africa (P.J.D.) Division of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and H...

Richard N van Zyl-Smit, Anke Binder, Richard Meldau, Patricia L Semple, Alicia Evans, Peter Smith, Eric D Bateman, Keertan Dheda Lung Infection and Immunity Unit, Division of Pulmonology & UCT Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa. Division of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa. Department of Infection, University ...

In order to understand aright the epidemiology of enteric fever and cholera in Hamburg, it is necessary to have a clear picture in one's mind, not only of the topography of the town, but also of the topographical arrangement of the surrounding district; tor the reason that the particular conditions of our locality are in a special manner favourable to the diffusion of enteric fever and cholera ...

a Clinical Infectious Diseases Research Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa b Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa c Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa d Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK, e The Francis Crick Institute,...

objective: citizenship identity as it is understood from the component words is a kind of distinction and recognition of intimates from outsiders which has a historical background. meaning of citizenship holds the concepts such as rights, responsibilities and duties, as well as a sense of belonging that in accordance with others and executive agencies will be meaningful and indicates a kind of ...